Verbs forms in Hindi

अधिकांश Verbs के पाँच रुप होते हैं –

1. V1 Verb का Present Tense Form

जैसे – go, eat, run, laugh, dance, etc.

2. V2 Verb का Past Tense Form

जैसे – went, ate, ran, laughed, etc.

3. V3 Verb का Past Participles Form

जैसे – gone, eaten, laughed, broken, etc.

4. V4 Verb का Present Participle Form

जैसे – Going, eating, laughing, breaking, etc.

5. V5 Verb का – s form

जैसे – eats, runs, laughs, goes, does, etc.

कुछ Verbs के पाँचों रुपों को देखें –

V1

go

eat

run

sleep

cut

V2

went

ate

ran

slept

cut

V3

gone

eaten

slept

cut

V4

going

eating

running

sleeping

cutting

V5

goes

eats

runs

sleeping

cuts

1. इन पाँचों रुपों को ध्यान से देखने पर चलता है कि Verb का मूल रुप V1है। उसमें – ing जोड़ने से V4 और -s/es जोड़ने से V5 प्राप्त होता है। जैसे –

V1

go

eat

laugh

run

cut

V2

going

eating

laughing

running

cutting

V5

goes

eats

laughs

runs

cuts

2. अधिकांश Verbs ऐसे होते हैं जिनके V2 और V3 का निर्माण V1 में d/ed suffix जोड़कर किया जाता है। इनके V2 और V3 same होते है। जैसे –

V1

laugh

work

help

walk

play

V2

laughed

worked

helped

walked

played

V3

laughed

worked

helped

walked

played

3. कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V2 और V3 same होते हैं। जैसे –

V1

buy

bring

make

sell

play

V2

bought

brought

made

sold

played

V3

bought

brought

made

sold

played

4. कुछ ऐसे हैं जिनके V1, V2 और V3 same होते हैं। जैसे – cut, put, shut, spread, set, cost, hurt, hit, burst, etc.

V1

cut

put

shut

cost

hurt

V2

cut

put

shut

cost

hurt

V3

cut

put

shut

cost

hurt

5. कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V2 और V3 भिन्न होते हैं। V2 और V3 forms को याद रखना पड़ता है। जैसे –

V1

eat

go

take

write

know

V2

ate

went

took

wrote

knew

V3

eaten

gone

taken

written

known

अब हम यहाँ कुछ महत्वपूर्ण Verbs के V1,V2 और V3 ध्यान दे रहे हैं जिन्हें आप हमेशा याद रखें। बिना याद किए आपका काम नहीं चलेगा।

Present Tense Past Tense Past Participle
(v1) (v2) (v3)
arise (उठना, जगना) arose arisen
abuse (गाली देना) abused abused
answer (उत्तर देना) answered answered
ask (पुछना) asked asked
arrive (पहुँचना) arrived arrived
advise (सलाह देना) advised advised
be (होना) was been
beat (पीटना) beat beaten
become (होना) became become
begin (शुरु करना) began begun
bite (दाँत से काटना) bit bitten
break (तोड़ना) broke broken
burn (जलना, जालाना) burnt burnt
blow (बहना) blew blown
buy (खरीदना) bought bought
build (बनाना) built built
bring (लाना) brought brought
bind (बाँधना) bound bound
beg (भीख माँगना) begged begged
bless (आर्शीवाद देना) blessed blessed
call (पुकारना) called called
come (आना) came come
climb (चढ़ना) climbed climbed
catch (पकड़ना) caught caught
cut (काटना) cut cut
close (बंद करना) closed closed
cry (चिल्लाना) cried cried
cook (पकाना) cooked cooked
clean (साफ करना) cleaned cleaned
choose (चुनना) chose chose
carry (ढ़ोना) carried carried
creep (रेंगना) crept crept
deal (बर्ताव करना) dealt dealt
dig (खोदना) dug dug
do (करना) did done
draw (खींचना) drank drunk
drive (चलाना) drove driven
die (मरना) died died
dream (स्वपन देखना) dreamt dreamt
dry (सुखाना) dried dried
drop (गिराना) dropped dropped
eat (खाना) ate eaten
enter (प्रवेश करना) entered entered
elect (चुनना) elected elected
fall (गिरना) fell fallen
feed (खिलाना) fed fed
fight (लड़ना) fought fought
find (पाना) found found
fly (उड़ना, उड़ाना) flew flown
forget (भुलना) forgot forgotten
fry (तलना) fried fried
feel (महसूस) felt felt
get (पाना) got got
give (देना) gave given
go (जाना) went gone
grow (उपजना, उपाजाना) grew grown
hang (लटकाना) hung hung
hang (फाँसी देना) hanged hanged
hear (सुनना) heard heard
help (सहायता) helped helped
hide (छिपाना) hid hidden
have (रखना) had had
hit (चोट करना) hit hit
hold (पकड़ना) held held
hurt (चोट पहुँचाना) hurt hurt
hope (आशा करना) hoped hoped
jump (कुदना) jumped jumped
keep (जारी रखना) kept kept
know (जानना) knew known
live (रहना) lived lived
learn (सिखना) learnt learnt
leave (छोड़ना) left left
look (देखना) looked looked
love (प्यार करना) loved loved
lose (खोना) lost lost
lend (उधार लेना) lent lent
lead (नेतृत्व करना) led led
leap (कूदना) leapt leapt
make (बनाना) made made
meet (मिलना) met met
marry (शादी करना) married married
mistake (गलती करना) mistook mistaken
open (खोलना) opened opened
play (खेलना) played played
put (रखना) paid paid
quarrel (झगड़ना) quarrelled quarrelled
read (पढ़ना) read read
ride (चढ़ना) rode rode
ring (बजाना, बजना) rang rang
rise (उठना, उगना) rose risen
see (देखना) saw seen
say (कहना) said said
sell (बेचना) sold sold
send (भेजना) sent sent
show (दिखाना) showed shown
study (अध्ययन करना) studied studied
set (ठीक करना) set set
shake (हिलाना) shook shaken
shine (चमकना) shone shone
shoot (गोली मरना) shot shot
shut (बंद करना) shut shut
sing (गाना गाना) sang sung
sink (डूबना) sank sunk
sleep (सोना) slept slept
smell (सूघँना) smelt smelt
speak (बोलना) spoke spoken
spend (बिताना) spent spent
spoil (बर्बाद करना) spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled
stand (खड़ा होना) stood stood
steal (चुराना) stole stole
swim (तैरना) swam swum
take (लेना) took taken
teach (पढ़ाना) taught taught
tear (फाड़ना) tore torn
tell (कहना) told told
think (सोचना) thought thought
throw (फेंकना) threw thrown
talk (बात करना) talked talked
thank (धन्यवाद करना) thanked thanked
use (प्रयोग करना) used used
understand (समझना) understood understood
work (काम करना) worked worked
want (चहाना) wanted wanted
wear (पहनना) wore worn
weep (रोना) wept wept
win (जितना) won won
write (लिखना) write write
wash (धोना) washed washed

EXERCISE

Direction: Write down the V1, V2, V3 ,V4 and V5 forms of the following verbs-

ask, beat, break, buy, come, do, fall, feel, grow, hope, learn, put, burst, read, see, sell, set, hit, open, stand.

Answers:

1. Ask

V1: ask
V2: asked
V3: asked
V4: asking
V5: asks

2. Beat

V1: beat
V2: beat
V3: beaten
V4: beating
V5: beats

3. Break

V1: break
V2: broke
V3: broken
V4: breaking
V5: breaks

4. Buy

V1: buy
V2: bought
V3: bought
V4: buying
V5: buys

5. Come

V1: come
V2: came
V3: come
V4: coming
V5: comes

6. Do

V1: do
V2: did
V3: done
V4: doing
V5: does

7. Fall

V1: fall
V2: fell
V3: fallen
V4: falling
V5: falls

8. Feel

V1: feel
V2: felt
V3: felt
V4: feeling
V5: feels

9. Grow

V1: grow
V2: grew
V3: grown
V4: growing
V5: grows

10. Hope

V1: hope
V2: hoped
V3: hoped
V4: hoping
V5: hopes

11. Learn

V1: learn
V2: learned / learnt
V3: learned / learnt
V4: learning
V5: learns

12. Put

V1: put
V2: put
V3: put
V4: putting
V5: puts

13. Burst

V1: burst
V2: burst
V3: burst
V4: bursting
V5: bursts

14. Read

V1: read
V2: read
V3: read
V4: reading
V5: reads

15. See

V1: see
V2: saw
V3: seen
V4: seeing
V5: sees

16. Sell

V1: sell
V2: sold
V3: sold
V4: selling
V5: sells

17. Set

V1: set
V2: set
V3: set
V4: setting
V5: sets

18. Hit

V1: hit
V2: hit
V3: hit
V4: hitting
V5: hits

19. Open

V1: open
V2: opened
V3: opened
V4: opening
V5: opens

20. Stand

V1: stand
V2: stood
V3: stood
V4: standing
V5: stands

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