Tag: class 8

Class 8 Supplement to Elementary English Grammar and Composition : 16 to 20 Answers from the book N.K Aggarwala for CBSE and ICSE students.

Appropriate Phrases

17 Sentences -Simple, Compound, Complex

17.A Read the following instructions and write the correct option.
1.The simple sentence in ma compound sentence can be joined together with a comma and a *c* . 

(a) noun         (b)preposition              (c) conjunction             (d) verb 
2. The simple sentences in a compound sentence  can be joined together with a           *b* .

(a)  period                     (b) semicolon         (c) question mark               (d) exclamation  mark 
3. The simple sentence in compound sentences are also known as independent *b*. 

(a) phrases               (b) clauses        (c) words       (d) predicates 
4. Choose the appropriate coordinating conjunction to join these simple sentences into a compound sentence.

Nitin ordered a burger, * c*  Manu chose a sandwich. 

(a) if                   (b) nor      (c)  and          (d) or 
5. Choose the subordinate clause in the given complex sentence. 

When I went to the carnival, I rode on the Ferris Wheel. 

(a) if                      (b) nor              (c) and         (d) or 
6.  Choose the subordinate clause in the given complex sentence. 

Varsha wrote down my e-mail address, so she would not forget it. 

(a) varsha wrote down my e-mail address

(b) my e-mail address

(c) so she would not forget it ‘

(d) she would not 
7. A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses. 

(a) True             (b) False 
8. Choose the subordinates clause in the given complex sentence. Alexander, who is fourteen years old, loves to skateboard.  

(a) Alexander 

(b) who is fourteen years old 

(c) Alexander loves to skateboard 

(d) loves to skateboard 

Answers:
The simple sentence in a compound sentence can be joined together with a comma and a (c) conjunction.

The simple sentences in a compound sentence can be joined together with a (b) semicolon.

The simple sentences in compound sentences are also known as independent (b) clauses.

Choose the appropriate coordinating conjunction to join these simple sentences into a compound sentence.
Nitin ordered a burger, (c) and Manu chose a sandwich.

Choose the subordinate clause in the given complex sentence.
When I went to the carnival, I rode on the Ferris Wheel.
The subordinate clause is “When I went to the carnival”. None of the options provided is correct in this context.

Choose the subordinate clause in the given complex sentence.
Varsha wrote down my e-mail address, so she would not forget it.
The subordinate clause is (c) so she would not forget it.

A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
The correct answer is (a) True.

Choose the subordinate clause in the given complex sentence.
Alexander, who is fourteen years old, loves to skateboard.
The subordinate clause is (b) who is fourteen years old.

18 Noun Clauses

18.B Choose the most appropriate noun phrase.

g1. I was showing the tourist _______________________.
a. when to go home
b. what to sell at the market
c. how to get to the hotel
2. Mr Hari told the driver ___________________________.
a. where to send him
b. what to do the meeting
c. what to think
3. One of the players forgot _________________________.
a. when to turn up for practice
b. how to run away
c. where to buy shoes from
4. The chef is wondering _______________________________.
a. when to brush his teeth
b. what to prepare for the important dinner
c. how to wash the car
5. The librarian told Peter _______________.
a. when to start work
b. how to lock up the place
c. what to look out for on the road
6. At the party, she showed him _____________________.
a. what to grow
b. how to dance
c. when to sleep
7. The sergeant is showing him _______________________.
a. what to sing at the concert
b. when to grow his beard
c. how to hold the rifle
8. The usher showed us _________________________________.
a. how to take photographs
b. where to sit
c. when to comb our hair
9. Our teacher told us ____________________________________.
a. what to do with the test paper
b. how to lock up the place
c. where to look for the survivors
10. The stewardess shows the passengers _____________________.
a. when to start work
b. where to land the plane
c. how to fasten the seat belt

Answers:
1. I was showing the tourist (c) how to get to the hotel.
2. Mr. Hari told the driver (a) where to send him.
3. One of the players forgot (a) when to turn up for practice.
4. The chef is wondering (b) what to prepare for the important dinner.
5. The librarian told Peter (b) how to lock up the place.
6. At the party, she showed him (b) how to dance.
7. The sergeant is showing him (c) how to hold the rifle.
8. The usher showed us (b) where to sit.
9. Our teacher told us (a) what to do with the test paper.
10. The stewardess shows the passengers (c) how to fasten the seat belt.

20 Adverbs Clauses

20.B Match the following groups of words to make correct sentences.

1. He joined the army ___________________________________________________________.
2. he doesn’t like anyone talking to him ___________________________________________.
3. By the time we got back, ____________________________________________________.
4. She turned off the lights __________________________________________________.
5. They acted __________________________________________________________________________.
6. You can’t leave the room ___________________________________________________________.
7. They brings us flowers ____________________________________________________________.
8. Whenever Julie goes, _______________________________________________________________.

Answers:
1. He joined the army after he finished school.
2. He doesn’t like anyone talking to him while he’s watching TV.
3. By the time we got back, the children were asleep.
4. She turned off the lights before she left the house.
5. They acted as if they were very excited.
6. You can’t leave the room until the lesson finishes.
7. They bring us flowers whenever they come for a visit.
8. Wherever Julie goes, she takes her daughter.

22 Conditional Clauses

22.A Work in groups of 3 or 4. One person from from each group will ask questions and another will give their answer. One Example has been given for you.

Answers:
1. Student A: What would you do if you had one crore rupees?
Student B: If I had one crore rupees, I would invest in property and start my own business.
2. Student A: What would you do if you lost your key?
Student B: If I lost my key, I would call a locksmith to replace it.
3. Student A: What would you do if you didn’t have a computer?
Student B: If I didn’t have a computer, I would find it difficult to stay connected online.
4. Student A: What would you do if you didn’t work at a multinational company?
Student B: If I didn’t work at a multinational company, I might explore opportunities in a local business.
5. Student A: What would you do if you lived in England?
Student B: If I lived in England, I would travel to different parts of Europe during the weekends.
6. Student A: What would you do if you had a baby?
Student B: If I had a baby, I would take a break from work to spend time with my child.
7. Student A: What would you do if you couldn’t write?
Student B: If I couldn’t write, I would use voice-to-text software to communicate.
8. Student A: What would you do if your father was famous?
Student B: If my father was famous, I would try to live up to his legacy while making my own path.
9. Student A: What would you do if you were fond of music?
Student B: If I were fond of music, I would learn to play the guitar or piano.
10. Student A: What would you do if you saw a UFO?
Student B: If I saw a UFO, I would take a picture and report it to the authorities.
11. Student A: What would you do if you spoke five languages?
Student B: If I spoke five languages, I would work as a translator and travel a lot.
12. Student A: What would you do if you got up late for work?
Student B: If I got up late for work, I would inform my boss and rush to the office as quickly as possible.

Class 8 Supplement to Elementary English Grammar and Composition : 11 to 15 Answers from the book N.K Aggarwala for CBSE and ICSE students.

11 Adverbs

11.B Read the following sentences. If the highlighted word is an adjective write ADJ, and if it is an adverbs, write ADV.

1. The cheese on this cracker testes strange. ______________________________
2. I go to the gym regularly. _________________________
3. She gazed at me with empty eyes. _______________________
4. Have you eaten an apple lately? ______________________________
5. The dog howled wildly in its cage. ______________________
6. I think that both sides are even now. _____________________________
7. The instructor arrived promptly at eight. ____________________________
8. Our regular office hours are Monday to Friday from 9 am to 5 pm. _________________________
9. The teams were matched evenly. ________________________
10. The homemade food was quite tasty. _______________________________

Answers:
1. The cheese on this cracker tastes strange. ADJ
2. I go to the gym regularly. ADV
3. She gazed at me with empty eyes. ADJ
4. Have you eaten an apple lately? ADV
5. The dog howled wildly in its cage. ADV
6. I think that both sides are even now. ADJ
7. The instructor arrived promptly at eight. ADV
8. Our regular office hours are Monday to Friday from 9 am to 5 pm. ADJ
9. The teams were matched evenly. ADV
10. The homemade food was quite tasty. ADJ

13 Prepositions

13.B Work in pairs and perform the activity. Ask your partner the following things in the table and complete it.

Answers:

You and your partner can fill in the table with names and more information as you ask these questions.

14 Phrasal Verbs

14.A Perform this activity in pairs. One student will read out the phrasal verb and its meaning, while the other student will write different sentences using the same phrasal verb in their notebook.

Answers:
Put on:

• She will put on her coat before leaving the house.
• I forgot to put on my shoes this morning.

Take down:

• Please take down the decorations after the party.
• I had to take down the shelf to repaint the wall.

Hang up:

• Can you hang up the new curtains in the living room?
• I always hang up my jacket when I get home.

Put away:

• After you finish eating, please put away the dishes.
• He put away all his toys before bedtime.

Turn off:

• Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.
• Turn off the computer before you go to bed.

Clean up:

• After the party, we had to clean up the mess.
• She cleaned up the kitchen after cooking dinner.

Put up:

• We need to put up the holiday decorations this weekend.
• She put up a new notice on the bulletin board.

Turn on:
Please turn on the heater, it’s getting cold.
Can you turn on the air conditioner? It’s really hot in here.

15. Structure of Sentences

15. A In each of the following sentences, underline the subjects once and the predicate twice.

1. Fables such as “Little Red Riding Hood” have given wolves a bad reputation.
2. Ranchers in areas with wolves dislike the animals for attacking their livestock.
3. In the city lived many poor people.
4. Out of the woods came a bear.
5. Just around the corner was the parade.
6. in the fall, the leaves cover the ground.
7. Their sudden appearance quickly aroused the townspeople’s curiosity.
8. With keen interest, the townspeople observed the prospector’s movements.
9. Nobody in the town knew anything about the strangers.
10. The children’s books and backpacks were stolen while they were at lunch.
11. The Zoo and the ice cream store are my favourite destinations.
12. The teacher and her assistant told the student and his parents that there would be a quiz in the next week.

Answers:
1. Fables such as “Little Red Riding Hood” have given wolves a bad reputation.
Subject: Fables such as “Little Red Riding Hood”
Predicate: have given wolves a bad reputation.
2. Ranchers in areas with wolves dislike the animals for attacking their livestock.
Subject: Ranchers in areas with wolves
Predicate: dislike the animals for attacking their livestock.
3. In the city lived many poor people.
Subject: In the city
Predicate: lived many poor people.
4. Out of the woods came a bear.
Subject: Out of the woods
Predicate: came a bear.
5. Just around the corner was the parade.
Subject: Just around the corner
Predicate: was the parade.
6. In the fall, the leaves cover the ground.
Subject: the leaves
Predicate: cover the ground.
7. Their sudden appearance quickly aroused the townspeople’s curiosity.
Subject: Their sudden appearance
Predicate: quickly aroused the townspeople’s curiosity.
8. With keen interest, the townspeople observed the prospector’s movements.
Subject: the townspeople
Predicate: observed the prospector’s movements.
9. Nobody in the town knew anything about the strangers.
Subject: Nobody in the town
Predicate: knew anything about the strangers.
10. The children’s books and backpacks were stolen while they were at lunch.
Subject: The children’s books and backpacks
Predicate: were stolen while they were at lunch.
11. The Zoo and the ice cream store are my favourite destinations.
Subject: The Zoo and the ice cream store
Predicate: are my favourite destinations.
12. The teacher and her assistant told the student and his parents that there would be a quiz in the next week.
Subject: The teacher and her assistant
Predicate: told the student and his parents that there would be a quiz in the next week.

15.B Work in pairs. One student will rewrite the following sentences by changing the position of direct and indirect objects. Then his/her partner will replace the indirect objects with personal pronouns.

1. Grandma will cook my friends a delicious meal.
2. Did Ravi bring Rahul the new book?
3. Mom left Sunita with two oranges.
4. The teacher told the students funny stories.
5. Who will lend my brother some money?
6. Gagan gave Tarun a ride a ride to the station.
7. The teacher gave the class a new project.
8. My mom bought my brother a new dress.
9. They bought my parents some CDs.
10. Tanuj showed Ms Sharma his project.

Answers:
1. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Grandma will cook a delicious meal for my friends.
With Pronouns: Grandma will cook a delicious meal for them.
2. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Did Ravi bring the new book to Rahul?
With Pronouns: Did Ravi bring the new book to him?
3. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Mom left two oranges with Sunita.
With Pronouns: Mom left two oranges with her.
4. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
The teacher told funny stories to the students.
With Pronouns: The teacher told funny stories to them.
5. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Who will lend some money to my brother?
With Pronouns: Who will lend some money to him?
6. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Gagan gave a ride to Tarun to the station.
With Pronouns: Gagan gave a ride to him to the station.
7. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
The teacher gave a new project to the class.
With Pronouns: The teacher gave a new project to them.
8. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
My mom bought a new dress for my brother.
With Pronouns: My mom bought a new dress for him.
9. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
They bought some CDs for my parents.
With Pronouns: They bought some CDs for them.
10. Direct and Indirect Objects Switched:
Tanuj showed his project to Ms. Sharma.
With Pronouns: Tanuj showed his project to her.

Class 8 Supplement to Elementary English Grammar and Composition : 6 to 10 for CBSE and ICSE students. Book written y N.K Aggarwala.

Class 8 Supplement to Elementary English Grammar and Composition : 1 to 5 for CBse and ICSE student from the book N.K Aggarwala.

1. Parts of Speech

B. Put the words in the correct category.

everybody these loin type skip blue Rachel our want advice throw know pointed that smart run yourself patience did me spell himself students sydney excellent easy woollen who modern which will volleyball Spanish China bright western trouble skiing she be

Answers:
Nouns:

• loin
• type
• advice
• students
• Sydney
• volleyball
• Spanish
• China
• trouble
• skiing

Verbs:

• skip
• want
• throw
• know
• pointed
• run
• spell
• will
• did
• be

Pronouns:

• everybody
• our
• yourself
• that
• who
• which
• me
• himself
• she

Adjectives:

western
blue
Rachel (used as a proper adjective if referring to something belonging to “Rachel”)
smart
easy
woollen
modern
excellent
patience (when used as a description)
bright

2. The Noun

A. Underline the nouns in following passage. Then sort them into the correct boxes.

Rehan couldn’t sleep at all that night. The tittle creatures was afraid to close his eyes. Naveen might wake up at any time and point that awful, glaring flashing directly at Rehan, who was crouched behind a pair of shoes in the open cabinet. Things had been likewise since Naveen began reading Do not Enter The Monster Zoo, a collection of stories that portrays all the monsters as ruthless villains and twists the history of hatred to accuse creatures of committing things to people that people actually do to the monsters!

Answers:

Rehan couldn’t sleep at all that night. The little creatures were afraid to close his eyes. Naveen might wake up at any time and point that awful, glaring flashing directly at Rehan, who was crouched behind a pair of shoes in the open cabinet. Things had been likewise since Naveen began reading Do Not Enter The Monster Zoo, a collection of stories that portrays all the monsters as ruthless villains and twists the history of hatred to accuse creatures of committing things to people that people actually do to the monsters!

Sorted Nouns:

Common Nouns:

• night
• creatures
• eyes
• shoes
• cabinet
• things
• stories
• monsters
• villains
• history
• creatures
• things
• people
• monsters

Proper Nouns:

• Rehan
• Naveen
• Do Not Enter The Monster Zoo

Proper Nouns:

• Rehan
• Naveen
• Do Not Enter The Monster Zoo

Abstract Nouns:

• history
• hatred

4. Determiners

A. Look at the words and complete the following sentences with a word.  Somethings two possibilities. 

1. _______________ patient (except patients with X-rays) must wait to be called.
2. _______________ patient who arrives 30 minutes late will have to wait until after the last patient has been seen.
3. There are blood tests ________________ Wednesday and Friday.
4. __________________ nurse is speaking to the patients.
5. Flu vaccinations are free for __________________ people over 60.
6. The boy on the left has broken _____________ arms.
7. There are ___________________ blood tests on Mondays.
8. There are three doctors, and ________________ doctor is specialised in a different field.
9. ___________________ patients at the desk are carrying X-rays.
10. _________________ patients on the left are waiting to see a doctor.
11. To donate blood, you can come on Fridays at _____________ time between 8 and 11.
12. _______________________ person in the room is either a nurse or a patient.

Answers:
1. Any patient (except patients with X-rays) must wait to be called.
2. Any patient who arrives 30 minutes late will have to wait until after the last patient has been seen.
3. There are blood tests on Wednesday and Friday.
4. The nurse is speaking to the patients.
5. Flu vaccinations are free for all people over 60.
6. The boy on the left has broken both arms.
7. There are some blood tests on Mondays.
8. There are three doctors, and each doctor is specialised in a different field.
9. Some patients at the desk are carrying X-rays.
10. The patients on the left are waiting to see a doctor.
11. To donate blood, you can come on Fridays at any time between 8 and 11.
12. Every person in the room is either a nurse or a patient.

5 The Present Tense

A Read the conversation and answer the questions.

1. Ridhima : I’m Ridhima Shetty. Are you Abhilash Singh?
Abhilash : Yes, I’m Are you North Indian?
Ridhima: No. Vikash is North Indian and lives at Jaipur.
I’m Marathi.
Abhilash : Oh, okay! I am from Delhi.
Vikas : Yes, it is a big city. Ridhima, are you from Mumbai?
Ridhima : Yes, I’m from Mumbai?
Abhilash : Are you and Ridhima students?
Vikas : I’m a students. She is an actress in television serials.
We are tourists in Goa.
Ridhima : Are you a student, Abhilash?
Abhilash : No, I’m not a student. I’m a doctor. I’m on holiday.
1. Is Ridhima from Pune?
___________________________________________________.
2. Is Ridhima and Vikas tourists in Goa?
_________________________________________________.
3. Are Ridhima and Vikas tourists in Goa?
______________________________________________________.
4. Is Abhilash a lawyer?
_______________________________________________________.
5. Is Ridhima an actress?
________________________________________________________.

Answers:
1. Is Ridhima from Pune?
No, Ridhima is from Mumbai.
2. Is Ridhima and Vikas tourists in Goa?
Yes, Ridhima and Vikas are tourists in Goa.
3. Are Ridhima and Vikas tourists in Goa?
Yes, Ridhima and Vikas are tourists in Goa.
4. Is Abhilash a lawyer?
No, Abhilash is not a lawyer. He is a doctor.
5. Is Ridhima an actress?
Yes, Ridhima is an actress in television serials.

Get free access to fully solved worksheets and exercises with question and answer from English Grammar and Composition by N.K. Aggarwala, tailored for Class 8 students of both CBSE and ICSE boards.

In this post, you’ll find direct links to all units, each featuring complete solutions for easy online practice and revision.

PART- I : FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR AND CORRECT USAGE

1. PARTS OF SPECCH

2. THE NOUNS

• Kinds of Nouns

3. PRONOUNS

• A Quick Recapitulation
• Agreement of the Relative Pronouns and Their Antecedents

4. DETEMINERS

• Kinds of Determiners
• Distributives
• Quantifiers

5. THE PRESENT TENSE

• Simple Present
• Present Continuous
• Present Perfect
• Present Perfect Continuous

6. THE PAST TENSE

• Simple Past
• Past Continuous
• Past Perfect
• Past Perfect Continuous

7. THE FUTURE TENSE

• Simple Future
• Future Continuous
• Future Perfect
• Future Perfect Continuous

8. MODALS

• The Modal Auxiliaries
• Shall and will
• Modals as Questions
• Modals, Both Positive and Negative

9. VERBS – NON-FINITES

• Infinitives
• Participles
• Gerunds

10. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

• Miscellaneous Examples
• Modals
• Command Sentences
• Use of Let

11. ADJECTIVES – DEGREES OF COMPARISON

• The Comparative Degree
• The Superlative Degree

12. ADVERBS

• Kinds of Adverbs
• Comparison of Adverbs

13. PREPOSITIONS

• Kinds of Prepositions
• Prepositions of Place
• Prepositions of Direction and Movement
• Prepositions of Time

14. PHRASAL VERBS

15. STRUCTURE OF SENTENCES

• The Subject
• The Predicate
• The Object
• The Complement

16. THE PHRASE AND THE CLAUSE

17. SENTENCES – SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX

18. NOUN CLAUSES

19. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

20. ADVERBS CLAUSES

• Kinds of Adverbs Clauses

21. RELATIVE CLAUSES

• Use of Who, That, Whose, Whom and Where

22. CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

23. COMBINATION OF SENTENCES

• Separate Sentences
• Combined Sentences

24. THE SEQUENCE OF TENSE

25. DIRECT -INDIRECT SPEECH

26. PUNCTUATIONS AND CAPITAL LETTERS

27. WORD POWER

• One Word for a Group Words
• Synonyms and Antonyms

28. SPELLINGS

29. SOME USEFUL PHRASES AND IDIOMS

• Idioms
• Idiomatic Pairs

30. WORDS FOLLOWED BY PREPOSITIONS

PART – II WRITING SKILLS

31. SHORT COMPOSITIONS

• Paragraph Writing
• Notice Writing
• Advertisements
• Posters
• Massages
• Factual Description

32. LONGER COMPOSITIONS

• Writing Reports
• Process Writing
• Diary Writing

33. ESSAYS AND ARTICLES

• Picture Compositions
• Descriptive and Narrative Essays
• Argumentative Essays
• Imaginative Essays

34. LETTER WRITING

• Informal Letters
• Formal Letters
• Invitations (Formal)
• Applications
• Letters to the Editor
• Miscellaneous Letters

35. COMPREHENSION PASSAGE

Comprehension Passages Exercises with Answers for class 8 and worksheet with solution for class 8 from the book Elementary school grammar for CBSE and ICSE students.

Read and answer the Passages

Exercise 35.1 Read the following passage and answers the questions that follow :-

Geeta works in a shop selling gramophone records. One afternoon a middle -aged woman came in, sat on a stool in front of the counter, and smiled at her brightly.
‘I want a record called?’ Geeta asked without much hope. The woman shook her head. ‘I don’t hundred of records in stock,’ Geeta pointed out. ‘it would take a very long time a play you even a little of each. Could you hum it to me?’
The woman shook her head again. ‘I can’t even sing the National Anthem in true. We should only get into a complete muddle if I were to start humming.’ She looked quite depressed, as if this reminder of her own lack of musical ability were the last straw. Then suddenly her face brightened. ‘I’ve just remembered something, ‘she said. It you ask me, “it’s from “My Fair Lady”, she said.
‘That’s was enough for Geeta. ‘If you ask me, it’s from “My Fair Lady”, ‘she said.
This was it, dear. If you’d thought of it sooner, we wouldn’t have wasted so much time. I suppose you are new to the job.’

1. State whether the following statements are true or false :
(a) A sad looking young woman came to Geeta’s shop.
(b) Geeta played about twenty records for her.
(c) The woman knew she had no musical ability.
(d) The woman hummed a tune for Geeta.
(e) She was very sorry for having caused so much trouble.

2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) Was the woman’s order to Geeta clear, precise and fair?
(b) What request did she make to Geeta?
(c) “She looked quite depressed.” Why?
(d) Do you think the customer’s last remark was justified? Why/why not?

3. Find words in the which mean the same as the following :

(a) a confused state
(b) disappointed
(c) science of speech sounds
(d) sing with closed lips.

4. Give your opinion of the customer in 20 words.
5. Give a title to this passage and state why you have chosen it.

Answers:
1. State whether the following statements are true or false:

(a) False – The woman was middle-aged, not young.
(b) False – Geeta didn’t play any records as the woman could not recall the title.
(c) True – The woman admitted she lacked musical ability, as she couldn’t even sing the National Anthem.
(d) False – The woman did not hum a tune for Geeta.
(e) True – She expressed regret for having caused trouble after realizing the delay was due to her own forgetfulness.

2. Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) Was the woman’s order to Geeta clear, precise, and fair?
No, the woman’s order was unclear and imprecise, as she couldn’t recall the name of the song and offered little information initially.

(b) What request did she make to Geeta?
The woman requested Geeta to find a record for her, but she couldn’t remember its title or hum the tune to help.

(c) “She looked quite depressed.” Why?
The woman became depressed after being reminded of her lack of musical ability, which made it harder to find the record.

(d) Do you think the customer’s last remark was justified? Why/why not?
The customer’s last remark was not entirely justified. While the woman blamed Geeta’s inexperience for the delay, the real issue was her own inability to recall the record’s name.

3. Find words in the passage which mean the same as the following:

(a) A confused state – Muddle
(b) Disappointed – Depressed
(c) Science of speech sounds – Phonetics
(d) Sing with closed lips – Hum

4. Give your opinion of the customer in 20 words.

The customer was forgetful and impatient, but her self-awareness about her musical inability added a humorous touch.

5. Give a title to this passage and state why you have chosen it.

Title: “The Forgetful Customer”
Reason: The story revolves around the woman’s forgetfulness, which causes confusion and delays in finding the record she wanted.

Exercise 35.2 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :-

The reader, by now, will be quite familiar with Parsi Rustomji’s name. he first become co-worker and then client. I won his confidence to such an extent that he sought and followed my advice in private domestic matters.
The friend once got into a very bad scrape. Though he kept me informed of most of his affairs, he had studiously kept back one thing. He was a large importer of goods and rested to smuggling. But he was at the best terms with the customs officials. So one suspected him.
But theft like quick-silver won’t be suppressed. Rustmoji came to me post-haste and told, ‘Bhai, I have deceived you. My guilt has been discovered. I have smuggled nd I am doomed; you alone may be able to save me from this predicament.” I calmed him, “To save or not save you go.
Rustomji’s name and fame were at stake, so he said, “I am entirely in your hand.”
I met the customs officers and apprised him of the whole affair. He said, “You know, I must be guided by the Attorney General and I would advise you to use all your persuasion with him.”
I entered into a correspondence with the Attorney General. He appreciated my complete frankness.
He finally into said, “I see you will never take a no far an answer.”
The case was settled by a compromise. He was to pay a penalty equal to twice the amount he had confessed to have smuggled. Rustmoji reduced to writing the facts of the whole case, got the paper framed and hung it up in his office to serve as a perpetual reminder to his heirs and fellow merchants.
The friends of Rustmoji warned me not to be taken in by this transitory contrition. When I told Rustomji about this warning he said : “What would be my fate if I deceived you?’

1. Answer the following questions briefly :

(a) What was Gandhiji’s profession at the incident?
(b) No one suspected Rustmoji for smuggling because ___________.
(c) Was Gandhiji able do as a penance for his illegal activities?
(d) What did Rustmoji do as a penance for illegal activities?
(e) How did Rustmoji reply to the warnings given to Gandhiji?

2. Find words in the passage which mean the same as the ones given below.

(a) mischief (para 2) ________________________________________________
(b) turned to (para 2) ____________________________________________
(c) informed (para 2) _____________________________________________
(d) constant (para 7) _____________________________________________
(e) repentence (para 8) ______________________________________________

3. Give a title to this passage and given a reason why you have chosen it.

Answers:
1. Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) What was Gandhiji’s profession at the incident?
Gandhiji was a lawyer at the time of this incident.

(b) No one suspected Rustomji for smuggling because ___________.
No one suspected Rustomji for smuggling because he was on the best terms with the customs officials.

(c) Was Gandhiji able to save Rustomji?
Yes, Gandhiji was able to help Rustomji by negotiating a settlement with the customs officials.

(d) What did Rustomji do as a penance for his illegal activities?
Rustomji confessed to his wrongdoing, paid a penalty twice the amount he had smuggled, and framed a written confession in his office to serve as a reminder.

(e) How did Rustomji reply to the warnings given to Gandhiji?
Rustomji replied by saying, “What would be my fate if I deceived you?” indicating his trust in Gandhiji and his commitment not to repeat his mistake.

2. Find words in the passage which mean the same as the ones given below:

(a) Mischief (para 2) – Scrape
(b) Turned to (para 2) – Resorted
(c) Informed (para 2) – Apprised
(d) Constant (para 7) – Perpetual
(e) Repentance (para 8) – Contrition

3. Give a title to this passage and give a reason why you have chosen it.

Title: “Rustomji’s Redemption”
Reason: The passage revolves around Rustomji’s involvement in smuggling and his ultimate repentance, with the help of Gandhiji. The title reflects his journey from guilt to redemption.

Exercise 35.3 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :-

When we visited the volcano, it was in a state of eruption. We stood near the summit on an irregular plane; it was heaped up with tones and cinders and enormous rocks, which ad been hurled from the volcano in terrible confusion. From the summit, volumes of smoke and fountains of liquid fire poured forth continuously. The smoke, now white, now an impenetrable black, was accompanied by a deep roar. Fiery stones rained dowthing in, and the molten lava moved on with a horrible sound, devouring everything’s in its path.
We appoached the lower end of these lava rivers, where its speed was retarded by reduced slope. Its dark exterior surface broke upas it moved, and betrayed the liquid fire beneath. By daylight the fire was only just visible, but its presence was indicated by the white smoke and the tremulous motion of the air above.

1. Choose the correct answer.
(i) Where did the author and his party stand?
(a) on top of the volcano
(b) Very close to the top of the volcano?
(c) At the foot of the volcano
(d) In front of the volcano
(ii) What had been thrown out by the volcano?
(a) Stones, burnt out coal and rocks
(b) Stones, burnt wood and burnt charcoal.
(c) Hot metal pieces and huge rocks
(d) Hot, molten metal

(iii) What colour was the smoke?
(a) It was black
(b) It was white
(c) it was grey
(d) It changed colour, once it looked white, then black

(iv) What did the hot stones and lava do?
(a) It destroyed everything that came in its way
(b) It brought to life dead plants
(c) It removed all instructions on the way
(d) It killed many people

(v) Why did the river of lava flow at a lesser speed lower down?

(a) because the slope was steep
(d) because the slope was gradual
(c) because the lava was thicker there
(d) because there was many boulders

2. Match each of the words/phrases in column A with its synonyms in column B.

3. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct word from the box :
devoured betrayed confusion enormous indicated

(i) At a recent BCCI meeting in Mumbai, inspite of a big crowd, there was no _________.
(ii) The presence of the fire was ___________ by the smoke coming out of the fourth floor.
(iii) The terrorist was caught __________ by the people he trusted.
(iv) The task was _________ yet the Indian cricket team succeeded in winning the Trophy.

Answers:
1. Choose the correct answer:

(i) Where did the author and his party stand?
(b) Very close to the top of the volcano

(ii) What had been thrown out by the volcano?
(a) Stones, burnt out coal, and rocks

(iii) What colour was the smoke?
(d) It changed colour, once it looked white, then black

(iv) What did the hot stones and lava do?
(a) It destroyed everything that came in its way

(v) Why did the river of lava flow at a lesser speed lower down?
(b) Because the slope was gradual

2. Match each of the words/phrases in column A with its synonyms in column B:

3. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct word from the box:

(i) At a recent BCCI meeting in Mumbai, in spite of a big crowd, there was no confusion.
(ii) The presence of the fire was indicated by the smoke coming out of the fourth floor.
(iii) The terrorist was caught betrayed by the people he trusted.
(iv) The task was enormous, yet the Indian cricket team succeeded in winning the Trophy.

Exercise 35.4 Read the following poem by Rabindranath Tagore and answer the questions that follow :-

I cannot Remember My Mother
I cannot remember my mother
Only sometimes in the midst of my play
a tune seems to hover over my playthings,
the tune of some song that she used to
hum while rocking my cradle.
I cannot remember my mother
but when in the early autumm morning
the smell of the shiuli flowers floats in the air
the scent of the morning service in the temple
comes to me as the scent of my mother.
I cannot remember my mother
Only when from my bedroom window I send
my eyes into the blue distant sky,
I feel that the stillness of my mother’s gaze on ,my face
has spread all over the sky.

1. The poet cannot remember his mother because ___________________________________________
2. The poet means by “a tune seems to hover over my plaything’s that ____________________________
3. The significance of shiuli flowers is,
(i) __________________________________ and (ii) ______________________________
4. Looking at the distant blue sky the poet is of a mother who _________________
5. The repetition of the first line expresses the poet’s feeling of :
(i) loss (ii) regret
6. The image of the absent mother created by the poet of a mother who ________________
7. Find a word in the poem which means the same as the following :
(i) to move about, but keep near (stanza 1) ___________________________________________
(ii) a smell, usually pleasing (stanza 2) ______________________________________________
(iii) without motion (stanza 3) _____________________________________________________
(iv) far away (stanza 3) __________________________________________________________
(v) a long intent look (stanza 3) ____________________________________________________

Answers:
1. The poet cannot remember his mother because

he was too young when she passed away, and his memories of her have faded.

2. The poet means by “a tune seems to hover over my plaything’s that

the memory of his mother’s lullaby or song, which she used to hum while rocking his cradle, occasionally resurfaces during his play.

3. The significance of shiuli flowers is,

(i) They remind the poet of his mother.
(ii) They evoke memories of the autumn season and the scent of morning prayers in the temple.

4. Looking at the distant blue sky, the poet is reminded of a mother who

gazed upon him with stillness and love, symbolizing her presence and care even in her absence.

5. The repetition of the first line expresses the poet’s feeling of:

(i) loss
The poet repeats “I cannot remember my mother” to emphasize the emotional distance and his inability to recall her clearly.

6. The image of the absent mother created by the poet is of a mother who

is ever-present in his memories and is symbolized by the sky, the scent of flowers, and the songs she used to hum, even though she is no longer physically with him.

7. Find a word in the poem which means the same as the following:

(i) to move about, but keep near (stanza 1) – hover
(ii) a smell, usually pleasing (stanza 2) – scent
(iii) without motion (stanza 3) – stillness
(iv) far away (stanza 3) – distant
(v) a long intent look (stanza 3) – gaze

Exercise 34.6 Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow :-

When the car had gone they were left standing alone, starting at the suddenly quiet house, they saw who it was who was to stay on at Mon Repos – a thin elderly man a white beard and spectacles on his nose. He did not notice them at all the trees. The girls stared at the trees, too wondering what he was looking at.
There seemed to be nothing here but then they heard a rustle and an ashy grey and russet bird flew out, trailing a long russet tail behind it as it came out of the foliage and around to the back of the house. The man lowered his binoculars with a sigh and drew out a book from his pocket and to scribble in it.
Lila and he sisters tiptoed around the corner and into the kitchen so as not to disturb him.
“What is he doing?” they whispered as they quietly washed the dishes that had been left behind in the sink.
“Who knows?” Lila shrugged. “He is here to study something,” the sahib said.
“Study what – the birds?” asked Bela, and Kamal laughed at the idea, it was so ridiculous.
“Any way, he won’t notice us at all – we just have to cook his meals and call him to come and eat them,” said Lila.
That was, he won’t they did. Now that they had not their mother to look after, or Hari or their father, they quietly cooked and marketed and swept and washed for the strange gentleman who never spoke to them, only glanced through his spectacles at the food when they called him for his meals and disappeared for the whole day sometimes they ran into him as he stumbled about the marsh, splashing through the mud and reeds, or siting very quietly on a stone under the tress, starting intently at everything – except people. He seemed hardly to notice that there were any people in Thul, they did not appear to interest him at all. But he was polite and quite and gave no trouble at all since he had neither complaints nor demands and so they did not mind his addities or even giggle at them much except, once when he stepped backwards of the log into the creek with a splash and they had to run to help him up and to retrieve his bag and paper were covered with careful pencil sketches of birds. They were wonderstruck.
“See he is studying the birds,’ whisper Bela as they knelt on the veranda tiles, carefully separating the wet sheets and spreading them out in the sun.
The strange gentleman came out of his room in dry clothes and stood watching them worriedly.
Then, “Thank you,” he said gratefully and took some money out of his pocket o give Bela and Kamal. “For sweets,” he said in a mumble, and hurried away in embarrassment.
He looked just as embarrassed when he paid Lila her salary at the end of the month and she whished out of sight as quickly as possible, then ran round the house and across the creek to their hut, laughing with joy It was wonderful to earn money. There was enough now to stock their kitchen with rice and tea and sugar, and Lila went every week to the hospital in Alibagh by bus to take some to their father who bought extra milk and fruits for their mother with it. The money made everything possible and Lila hoped the gentleman would stay on and on so that she could continue to earn money.”
But no one stops in the monsoon,” Kamal said . “Everyone goes away when the monsoon comes.
Only we stay.”

1. Answer the following questions briefly.

(a) Name the village in which the story is set. What is the name of the house in which the girls worked?
(b) Who was the new occupant of the house? Why did the girls think he was strange?
(c) Give two reasons why Lila and her sisters did not laugh at the strange behaviour of their new employer.
(d) When did the girls realise that their employer really studied the birds?
(e) Their employer looked embarrassed twice while dealing with the girls. When and Why?Whatdoes it tell you about him?

2. Which words in the passage mean the same as.
(a) absurd : _______________________________________
(b) strangeness, peculiar : _____________________________________
(c) struck with astonishment : ___________________________________________
(d) damage : ______________________________________________________

3. Change the conversation between Lila and her sisters from Direct to Indirect Speech :-
Begin from : “What is he doing?” _______________________________
till “call him to eat them, said Lila”
4. Make sentences of your own of the following words. Do not use them in the same way as Notice, whisked, mind

Answer the following questions briefly:

(a) The village in which the story is set is Thul. The name of the house in which the girls worked is Mon Repos.

(b) The new occupant of the house was a thin, elderly man with a white beard and spectacles. The girls thought he was strange because he never noticed people, was always focused on birds, and never spoke much, except when called for meals.

(c) Lila and her sisters did not laugh at the strange behavior of their new employer because:

1. He never gave them any trouble, complaints, or demands.
2. He was polite, quiet, and paid them a salary that helped them manage their household.

(d) The girls realized that their employer really studied the birds when they saw his bag and papers covered with careful pencil sketches of birds after he fell into the creek.

(e) Their employer looked embarrassed:

1. When he gave Bela and Kamal money for sweets after they helped dry his wet sketches.
2. When he paid Lila her salary at the end of the month.

These incidents tell us that he was a shy and humble person who was uncomfortable with expressing gratitude or dealing with financial matters.

2. Which words in the passage mean the same as:

(a) absurd: ridiculous

(b) strangeness, peculiar: oddities

(c) struck with astonishment: wonderstruck

(d) damage: retreat

3. Change the conversation between Lila and her sisters from Direct to Indirect Speech:

Lila’s sisters asked what the man was doing. Lila shrugged and replied that he was there to study something. Bela then asked if he was studying the birds, and Kamal laughed at the idea, thinking it was ridiculous. Lila added that he wouldn’t notice them at all, as they only had to cook his meals and call him to eat them.

4. Make sentences of your own using the following words:

Notice: I didn’t notice the time and ended up being late for the meeting.
Whisked: The wind whisked the papers off the table before I could grab them.
Mind: Please mind your step while walking on the icy pavement.

Exercise 35.7 Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow :-

The saving of certain wild animals from extinction has for many been a problem for zoologists and other specialists; but more recently the problem has become so acute, and has received so much publicity, that most people are now concerned about it. This may at first seem strange because one of the most satisfying developments of the last few years has been the passing of strict laws to protect wild satisfying developments of the last few years has been the passing of strict laws to protect wild animals are still threatened with extinction and even some of the less rare ones rapidly declining in number?
One reason is the ‘march of civilisation.’ When an area is wholly cleared of vegetation to make room for new towns, factory sites or hydroelectric plants, the natural home of several is destroyed. The displaced animals compete foe a living, the smaller the number that can hope to survive.
Civilisation brings too, swift, and easy transport and so assists those who are determined to break the various protective laws. Thieves can elude the game wardens, shoot an elephant for its tusks, a rhinoceros for its horn, or a deer for its meat, and be miles away from the site of the crime before the dead or dying victim is even discovered.
It is sad to reflect tat civilisation which an brings so many benefits to people who have previously known only hunger and misery, brings also facilities for the heartless criminals who, for material gain, will slaughter some harmless animals and threaten the disappearance of its kind from the earth forever.

1. Three words are given below. Give the meeting of each word as used in the passage. One – word answers or short phrases will be accepted.
(i) developments
(ii) consequent
(iii) reflect
2. Answer the following questions briefly and in your own words.
(i) “This may at first seem strange.” To what des the words ‘this’ refer?
(ii) Why does the author think ‘this’ may seem strange?
(iii) How does modern transport threaten the survival of wild animals?
(iv) Using a single sentence foe each, given the meaning of :-
(a) ‘pushing back’ the jungle
(b) complete for a living
(v) What can the sad reflection that the author makes in the last paragraph of the passage?
(vi) how can the thieves escape being caught after killing an animal?
(vii) What is the choice left before animals who are displaced from their homes?
3. Find words in the passage which mean same as :
(i) reducing (ii) helps (iii) live (iv) cruel
4. give a title to this passage and state why you have chosen it.

Answers:
1. Three words are given below. Give the meaning of each word as used in the passage.

(i) Developments – Progress or advancements
(ii) Consequent – Following as a result of something
(iii) Reflect – To think deeply or carefully about something

2. Answer the following questions briefly and in your own words.

(i) “This may at first seem strange.” To what do the words ‘this’ refer?
‘This’ refers to the fact that even though strict laws have been passed to protect wild animals, many species are still threatened with extinction.

(ii) Why does the author think ‘this’ may seem strange?
The author finds it strange because despite the protective laws, animals are still in danger of extinction, which is contrary to the expectation that these laws would be sufficient to save them.

(iii) How does modern transport threaten the survival of wild animals?
Modern transport makes it easier for poachers to evade the authorities, allowing them to kill animals and escape quickly before they can be caught.

(iv) Using a single sentence for each, give the meaning of: (a) ‘Pushing back’ the jungle – Clearing forests to make space for human development.
(b) Compete for a living – Struggling to survive due to limited resources.

(v) What is the sad reflection that the author makes in the last paragraph of the passage?
The author reflects sadly that while civilization brings many benefits to people, it also facilitates criminals who kill animals for profit, threatening their extinction.

(vi) How can the thieves escape being caught after killing an animal?
Thieves can escape being caught because modern transport allows them to quickly flee the scene of the crime before the authorities or game wardens can arrive.

(vii) What is the choice left before animals who are displaced from their homes?
Animals displaced from their homes must compete for survival, with many of them being unable to adapt and thus facing the possibility of extinction.

3. Find words in the passage which mean the same as:

(i) Reducing – Declining
(ii) Helps – Assists
(iii) Live – Survive
(iv) Cruel – Heartless

4. Give a title to this passage and state why you have chosen it.

Title: “The Threat to Wild Animals in a Modern World”
Reason: This title reflects the passage’s focus on how modern developments, such as civilization and transport, are threatening the survival of wild animals despite protective laws. Title: “The Threat to Wild Animals in a Modern World”
Reason: This title reflects the passage’s focus on how modern developments, such as civilization and transport, are threatening the survival of wild animals despite protective laws.

Exercise 35.8 Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow :-
One Night
As I lie on my bed and look outside
Through the window on my right
I state and admire the beauty
And calmness of the night
Which seems perfectly right
And it feels as if all my goals
are within sight.
I appreciate the speeding winds
which are making the tress sway
And just when I say to myself
“Oh! what a day!’
The fragrance of that air mixed
with traces of freshness and change
Help me to bring to life all my dreams.
Ans before I know, it already starts to rain
And just then I say t myself
Now, nothing will be the same ,
“It’s time for much needed change.”
The first drops of water that fall on my face
seem like a perfect embrace
It completely rejuvenates all my sense
Awakens and energises my soul
After Which I am all set to face the world
I celebrate all the good and bad
Things that happen to me today
And regret about what went astray
Although regretting doesn’t make much sense.
And it’s much later that I realise
what is meant
Even in that wrong years ago
was a hidden right
And maybe because of that I am
Where I am tonight.
Then I take one deep breath
And put all my thoughts to rest
And simply hope for the best.

1. Find words in the passage which mean the same as the following.
(i) to value
(ii) sweet smell
(iii) doing something enjoyable
(iv) to feel sorry for something
(v) gone wrong

2. Fill in the blanks.

the poet lying in bed at night felt at __________________ and thought he could easily achieve ________________. He was just going to say that it was a _____________ it started ________________. The poet is _________ and ___________ by the rain and he feels as if _____________ by the rain. He remember the ________ and ___________ things that occurred that day and something that went _______________. Putting _____________ aside, the poet, that everything will turn out to be ________________ in the end.

3. Explain the phrases (i) perfectly right (ii) within sight (iii) set to face, in your own words
4. Do you think the title is appropriate? Give reasons for your answer.

Answers:
1. Find words in the passage which mean the same as the following:

(i) to value – appreciate
(ii) sweet smell – fragrance
(iii) doing something enjoyable – celebrate
(iv) to feel sorry for something – regret
(v) gone wrong – astray

2. Fill in the blanks:

The poet lying in bed at night felt at peace and thought he could easily achieve his goals. He was just going to say that it was a perfect day when it started to rain. The poet is awakened and energized by the rain, and he feels as if embraced by the rain. He remembers the good and bad things that occurred that day and something that went astray. Putting regrets aside, the poet hopes that everything will turn out to be for the best in the end.

3. Explain the phrases:

(i) Perfectly right – This phrase refers to the feeling of everything being in its proper place, where the poet feels peace and contentment.
(ii) Within sight – This means that the poet feels his goals and dreams are close and achievable, as if they are just ahead of him.
(iii) Set to face – This phrase means being fully prepared or ready to confront challenges and tackle the world with new energy and confidence.

4. Do you think the title is appropriate? Give reasons for your answer.

Yes, the title “One Night” is appropriate because the entire poem captures the poet’s reflections and feelings during a single night. The poet describes how the calm and beauty of the night, combined with the rain, bring a sense of change, rejuvenation, and a deeper understanding of life. The title encapsulates the transformative experience the poet undergoes during that particular night, making it fitting for the theme of the poem.

Letter Writing Exercises with Answers for class 8 and worksheet with Solutions from the book Elementary English Grammar for CBSE and ICSE students.

Letter Writing

Exercise 34.1

1. You are Munish living in Bangaluru. Your penfriend from New Jersey, USA is visiting India next week. He has sent you a letter asking you about places to visit in Bengaluru, where to stay and what to buy as souvenirs. Write a letter giving him all the details.
2. You are Avinash. You saw “Taare Zameen Par” and was very impressed by the movie. Write a letter o your friend asking him to watch this movie. Tell him why you liked it.
3. You are delighted by Indian cricket team winning the “Border-Gavaskar Trophy” and crushing Australia. Write a letter to your friend, who lives in Dubai, telling him the highlights of the game and what you thought of the Australian players.
4. Your brother is extremely disappointed at not being elected the school captain. Write a letter of encouragement to him and ask him to move on and try for better things in life.
5. You failed to meet your friend at the airport, and he left India without meting you. Write a letter of apology to him explaining why you couldn’t meet him.
6. Your grandfather celebrates his 90th birthday next week. Write a letter to him expressing your joy and love for him.

Answers:
1. Letter to Penfriend about Bengaluru

Munish
Bengaluru
18th November 2024

Dear [Friend’s Name],

I am so excited to hear that you’ll be visiting India next week! Bengaluru is a wonderful city, and I’m sure you’ll enjoy your time here. Let me give you a few suggestions on where to go, stay, and what to buy.

For places to visit, I recommend starting with Cubbon Park and Lalbagh Botanical Garden—both are peaceful and beautiful. You can also visit the Bangalore Palace for a glimpse of royal history and the ISKCON Temple for some spiritual peace. If you’re interested in technology, the Visvesvaraya Industrial and Technological Museum is fascinating. Don’t miss Nandi Hills for a great sunrise experience!

For accommodation, you can consider staying in MG Road or Indiranagar—both areas have great hotels and are centrally located. The Oberoi and Taj West End are luxury options, while Treebo Hotels offer more budget-friendly choices.

As for souvenirs, Bengaluru is known for its silk and sandalwood. You can buy Mysore Silk sarees and sandalwood products from Cauvery Emporium. Handicrafts and coffee from local markets are also great keepsakes.

Looking forward to meeting you soon! Let me know if you need any more information.

Best regards,
Munish

2. Letter about “Taare Zameen Par”

Avinash
Delhi
18th November 2024

Dear [Friend’s Name],

I hope this letter finds you well. I recently watched a movie called “Taare Zameen Par” and was completely blown away. I just had to write to you and recommend that you watch it as soon as you can.

The movie is about a boy named Ishaan, who struggles with dyslexia but isn’t understood by his teachers or even his parents. What I loved most about the movie was how it brings out the importance of recognizing and nurturing a child’s unique talents instead of forcing them to fit into societal expectations. The emotional depth and the way Aamir Khan portrayed the teacher who helps Ishaan is simply outstanding.

It’s a film that touches your heart and makes you reflect on how we perceive education and creativity. Trust me, you’ll love it as much as I did. Let me know what you think after you watch it!

Take care,
Avinash

3. Letter about the Border-Gavaskar Trophy

[Your Name]
Mumbai
18th November 2024

Dear [Friend’s Name],

I hope you’re doing well in Dubai! I just had to share the amazing news—the Indian cricket team has won the Border-Gavaskar Trophy and crushed Australia in an incredible series!

The final match was especially thrilling, with India dominating in all aspects of the game. Our bowlers, especially Jasprit Bumrah and Ravichandran Ashwin, were outstanding. They kept the Australian batsmen under pressure throughout. And the Indian batsmen? Virat Kohli and Rohit Sharma were just phenomenal! Kohli’s century in the second innings was the turning point.

I must say, I found the Australian players a bit lacking this time, especially their bowlers. They just couldn’t match our team’s energy and skill. It was a series to remember, and I can’t wait for the next one!

Hope to hear from you soon.

Best,
[Your Name]

4. Letter of Encouragement to Your Brother

[Your Name]
Chennai
18th November 2024

Dear [Brother’s Name],

I just heard about you not being elected the school captain, and I know you must be feeling disappointed. But I want to remind you that setbacks are a part of life. This one instance does not define your abilities or potential.

Remember, there are bigger and better things waiting for you. You have so many talents, and I’m sure opportunities will come your way where you’ll shine even brighter. Sometimes, not getting something we want opens the door to something greater.

Take this as a learning experience, and don’t be too hard on yourself. I believe in you, and I know you’ll achieve amazing things. Keep your head high and keep moving forward!

With lots of love,
[Your Name]

5. Letter of Apology for Missing a Meeting at the Airport

[Your Name]
Hyderabad
18th November 2024

Dear [Friend’s Name],

I feel terrible that I couldn’t meet you at the airport before you left India. Please accept my sincere apologies for not being there as promised. Unfortunately, I was stuck in a situation I couldn’t avoid, and by the time I reached, you had already left.

I know how much we were both looking forward to meeting, and I regret that it didn’t happen. I hope you understand that it wasn’t intentional, and I hope to make it up to you the next time you visit.

Please let me know how your trip went, and I hope we can meet soon under better circumstances.

With my deepest apologies,
[Your Name]

6. Letter to Grandfather on His 90th Birthday

[Your Name]
Pune
18th November 2024

Dear Grandpa,

I hope this letter finds you in good health. I can’t express how happy I am as your 90th birthday approaches! It’s such a special occasion, and I feel incredibly blessed to have you in my life.

You have always been my guiding light, teaching me the values of kindness, patience, and hard work. Your wisdom and stories have shaped who I am today, and I’m so grateful for all the love you’ve given me over the years.

I wish you a wonderful birthday filled with joy, laughter, and love. I’ll be there soon to celebrate this special day with you, and I’m really looking forward to it!

With lots of love,
[Your Name]

Letter Writing

Exercise 32.2

1. You are Seema Bharatiya . You wish to place an order for a copy of the book ‘It was Five Minutes Past Midnight’ written by Dominique Lappierre, with Messrs UBS Publishers and Distrubutors, Ansari Road , Delhi. Write a letter requesting them to mail you a copy by VPP.
2. You and your friends are doing a project on “How Glass is Made”. You wish to visit the glass factory which is close to your town. Write a letter to the Manager, Mr Vithal Bhai, seeking permission to allow your group to visit the factory at a date and time suitable to him.
3. You had ordered some books from Messrs Sita Prakashan. On receipt of the package you find that the books are not the same as ordered by you. Write a letter of complaint asking them to replace the books.
4. You are Prem Butalia. You and your friends are interested in going for a sightseeing trip to Goa. Write a letter to Messrs Joy Travels who conduct package tours asking them to give you details of the tour.
5. You are Saurav Gangadhar. You wish to order a pair of football shoes from a shop. Modern Sports located in Karol Bagh. Write a letter to the proprietor asking him to send you the pair of shoes. Give him details, such as size, brand, colour and the mode of dispatch.
6. Mrs Sandra Mathews has invited all her office colleagues for a New Year Eve dinner at her house. Draft a suitable invitation on her behalf.
7. Mr & Mrs Khan’s son is returning from the USA after completing his MBA from the Harvard Business College. They wish to invite their friends to dinner at Hotel Taj in honor of his return. Write the invitation on their behalf.
8. Mr % Mrs Ranade wish to acknowledge and accept the invitation given to them by Mr & Mrs Khan (Exercise 7 above). Write their informal reply.
9. You are the Vice-Head Boy of your school studying in Class XII students auditorium. Write an informal invitation for them.

Answers:
1. Letter to UBS Publishers for Ordering a Book

Seema Bharatiya
Laxmi Nagar
Delhi
18th November 2024

Messrs UBS Publishers and Distributors
Ansari Road
Delhi

Subject: Request to Order a Copy of the Book ‘It was Five Minutes Past Midnight’

Dear Sir/Madam,

I hope this letter finds you well. I wish to place an order for a copy of the book titled “It was Five Minutes Past Midnight” written by Dominique Lapierre. Kindly mail me a copy of the book by VPP (Value Payable Post) at the earliest.

Please find my address below:
Seema Bharatiya
Laxmi Nagar
Delhi – 110092

Thank you for your attention to this request. I look forward to receiving the book soon.

Yours sincerely,
Seema Bharatiya

2. Letter Seeking Permission to Visit a Glass Factory

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Mr. Vithal Bhai
Manager
Glass Factory
[Location]

Subject: Permission to Visit the Glass Factory for Project Work

Dear Mr. Vithal Bhai,

I hope you are doing well. I, along with a group of my friends, am currently working on a project titled “How Glass is Made.” We are keen to gain practical knowledge by visiting your esteemed factory, which is close to our town.

We kindly request your permission to allow our group to visit the factory at a date and time convenient for you. This visit will help us understand the process of glassmaking firsthand, and we will ensure to follow all safety protocols during our visit.

We look forward to your favorable response.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

3. Letter of Complaint for Incorrect Book Order

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Messrs Sita Prakashan
[Address]

Subject: Complaint Regarding Incorrect Book Order

Dear Sir/Madam,

I hope this letter finds you well. I recently placed an order for books with your publication house. Unfortunately, upon receiving the package, I found that the books sent were not the ones I had ordered.

Kindly replace the books with the correct ones at the earliest. I would appreciate it if the replacement could be made promptly, as I require the books for an upcoming project. Please find attached the order details and list of the correct books I requested.

Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

4. Letter to Joy Travels for Details on a Trip to Goa

Prem Butalia
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Messrs Joy Travels
[Address]

Subject: Request for Details of a Package Tour to Goa

Dear Sir/Madam,

I hope you are doing well. My friends and I are planning a sightseeing trip to Goa and are interested in the package tours conducted by your travel agency.

Could you kindly provide us with details of the tour packages available, including the itinerary, cost, accommodation options, and the duration of the trip? We are planning to travel in the first week of December, so we would appreciate receiving the information at your earliest convenience.

Thank you for your assistance. We look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,
Prem Butalia

5. Letter to Modern Sports for Ordering Football Shoes

Saurav Gangadhar
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Modern Sports
Karol Bagh
Delhi

Subject: Order for Football Shoes

Dear Sir/Madam,

I hope this letter finds you well. I would like to place an order for a pair of football shoes from your shop. Below are the details of my requirement:

• Brand: Nike
• Size: UK 9
• Color: Black with white stripes
• Mode of Dispatch: Please send the shoes via courier to the address provided below.

Please confirm the availability of the shoes and the total cost, including shipping charges, so I can make the payment accordingly.

Shipping Address:
Saurav Gangadhar
[Your Address]

Thank you, and I look forward to receiving the shoes soon.

Yours sincerely,
Saurav Gangadhar

6. Invitation for New Year’s Eve Dinner

Mrs. Sandra Mathews
invites you to a
New Year’s Eve Dinner

Date: 31st December 2024
Time: 7:30 PM
Venue: [Mrs. Mathews’ House Address]

Let’s celebrate the start of a new year together with joy and laughter!

RSVP: [Phone Number]

7. Invitation for Dinner to Celebrate Son’s Return

Mr. and Mrs. Khan
cordially invite you to a
Dinner in honor of their son’s return from the USA
after completing his MBA from Harvard Business College.

Date: 25th November 2024
Time: 7:00 PM
Venue: Hotel Taj, [Location]

We look forward to celebrating this special occasion with you!

RSVP: [Phone Number]

8. Informal Reply to Invitation

Dear Mr. and Mrs. Khan,

Thank you so much for your kind invitation to the dinner in honor of your son’s return. We are delighted to hear about his achievement and look forward to celebrating with you on the 25th at Hotel Taj.

We wish him continued success and are excited to be part of this joyous occasion.

With best regards,
Mr. and Mrs. Ranade

9. Informal Invitation to Class XII Students for Auditorium Meeting

Dear Class XII Students,

You are invited to attend a meeting in the school auditorium to discuss important updates regarding the upcoming annual event.

Date: 20th November 2024
Time: 11:00 AM
Venue: School Auditorium

Your participation is important as we will be finalizing crucial details for the event. Looking forward to seeing you there!

Sincerely,
[Your Name]
Vice-Head Boy

Application Letter

Exercise 34.3 Now read he situations and draft suitable applications for jobs :-

1. You are Anil. You have done your M. Sc. in Maths from Delhi University and have also done your B/Ed from CIE, Delhi. You have seen an advertisement of G.D. Hansarj School in the ‘Hindustan Times’, dated 12 December, 2013 asking for PGT Maths. Apply in response to the advertisement.
2. You are Sushila. You come across the following advertisement (HT, 24th Aug., 2016) :
“Wanted good looking models. Male/Female for print ads for writer designer wears”. Write within five days with suitable photographs to Manager, New Designer Wears, 5-16, Lajpat Nagar IV, New Delhi.
3. You are Meena Butalia. Write an application to the Manager, MTNL Exchange, 21 Mathura Road, New Delhi for the post of a Telephone Operator.
4. You are Sushma Sareen. You have just completed your B.Com from Chennai. You come across an advertisement in a local newspaper about a Correspondence Couse offered by Vivekananda Institute of Education and Research. Write an application seeking admission to the course in Banking Laws.
5. Messrs Mehrason’s Superstores are looking for smart, graduate girls and boys who are fluent in English to serve in their stores as counter boys and girls They have announced a handsome salary. You are Preeti Raghvan. Write an application for the job.
6. You are Pawan Walia. You are working in parihar exports. You need one month’s leave as your sister’s marriage has been fixed and you to go to your hometown Meerut to make arrangements for the wedding. Write an application asking for leave.
7. You are Soina. You are working with Wari stores as their Floor Manager. You are on leave but you have fallen sick and will not be able to resume duties on the date scheduled. Write a letter to the Manager, Wari Stores, explaining your reasons for not being able to join on time. Request him to extend your leave by another 15 days.
8. You are Mimi. You have just completed your Graduation. Write an application to the Director, Young Women’s Christian Association asking them to enrol you for their next six month Travel and Tourism Course.

Answers:
1. Application for the Post of PGT Maths

Anil
[Your Address]
Delhi – [Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Principal
G.D. Hansarj School
[School Address]

Subject: Application for the Post of PGT Maths

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of PGT Maths, as advertised in the Hindustan Times on 12th December 2013. I have completed my M.Sc. in Mathematics from Delhi University and hold a B.Ed. degree from the CIE, Delhi.

With my academic qualifications and teaching experience, I am confident that I possess the necessary skills to contribute effectively to your school. I am passionate about teaching Mathematics and have a deep understanding of the subject, along with the ability to communicate complex concepts in an easy-to-understand manner.

Please find my resume attached for your consideration. I am looking forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications in further detail.

Thank you for considering my application.

Yours sincerely,
Anil

2. Application for the Post of Model

Sushila
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
New Designer Wears
5-16, Lajpat Nagar IV
New Delhi

Subject: Application for the Post of Model

Dear Sir/Madam,

I came across your advertisement in the Hindustan Times, dated 24th August 2016, seeking good-looking male and female models for print advertisements for designer wear. I am very interested in applying for this position.

I have attached my photographs and personal details with this application. I believe my appearance and confidence would make me a suitable candidate for the role. I am eager to discuss how I can contribute to your upcoming projects.

I look forward to your positive response.

Yours sincerely,
Sushila

3. Application for the Post of Telephone Operator

Meena Butalia
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
MTNL Exchange
21 Mathura Road
New Delhi

Subject: Application for the Post of Telephone Operator

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of Telephone Operator at your MTNL Exchange, as advertised. I believe that my skills and qualifications make me a suitable candidate for this role.

I have completed my education and am proficient in handling calls, maintaining records, and providing excellent customer service. I have a good command over communication skills and am quick to learn any software or procedures that are required.

Kindly find my resume attached for your review. I would appreciate the opportunity to meet and discuss my application further.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Yours sincerely,
Meena Butalia

4. Application for Admission to the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws

Sushma Sareen
[Your Address]
Chennai
18th November 2024

The Director
Vivekananda Institute of Education and Research
[Institute Address]

Subject: Application for Admission to the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to express my interest in enrolling for the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws offered by your institute. I have recently completed my B.Com from Chennai and wish to expand my knowledge in the field of banking and law.

I believe that this course will help me build a strong foundation for my career. Kindly provide me with the necessary information regarding the course structure, admission process, and fees.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,
Sushma Sareen

5. Application for the Job of Counter Boy/Girl

Preeti Raghvan
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Mehrason’s Superstores
[Store Address]

Subject: Application for the Job of Counter Boy/Girl

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of Counter Boy/Girl at your esteemed store. I am a graduate and fluent in English, as required in your advertisement. I believe my communication skills and customer service experience would make me a great fit for this position.

I am keen to work with your team and contribute to providing excellent customer service at your store. Please find my resume attached for your review.

I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further.

Yours sincerely,
Preeti Raghvan

6. Application for One-Month Leave

Pawan Walia
Parihar Exports
[Company Address]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Parihar Exports
[Company Address]

Subject: Request for One-Month Leave

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to request one month’s leave from work as my sister’s wedding has been scheduled, and I need to travel to my hometown, Meerut, to make necessary arrangements for the event.

I kindly request you to grant me leave from 1st December to 31st December 2024. I assure you that I will complete all my pending tasks before my leave and ensure a smooth handover.

Thank you for your understanding and support.

Yours sincerely,
Pawan Walia

7. Application for Extension of Leave

Soina
Floor Manager
Wari Stores
[Store Address]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Wari Stores
[Store Address]

Subject: Request for Extension of Leave

Dear Sir,

I hope this letter finds you well. I am currently on leave due to illness and, unfortunately, I am not yet fully recovered. I will not be able to resume my duties on the scheduled date.

I kindly request you to extend my leave by an additional 15 days until 5th December 2024. I sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused and assure you that I will be back to work once I have fully recovered.

Thank you for your understanding and support.

Yours sincerely,
Soina

8. Application for Enrollment in Travel and Tourism Course

Mimi
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Director
Young Women’s Christian Association
[Address]

Subject: Application for Enrollment in Travel and Tourism Course

Dear Sir/Madam,

I have recently completed my Graduation and am eager to pursue a career in the travel and tourism industry. I came across the six-month Travel and Tourism Course offered by your organization and would like to apply for admission.

I am confident that this course will provide me with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in this field. Please provide me with the necessary information regarding the admission process and course details.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Yours sincerely,
Mimi

Letters to Editor

Exercise 34.4 Write the following letters to the Editor of a national newspaper :-
1. You are Varun. You are quite concerned about the bad conditions of roads in your locality. You have been writing to the local authorities about it but no action has been taken so far. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper highlighting the plight of the residents due to the bad conditions of the roads and the callous attitude of the local authorities.
2. You are Sabina. Every time you stop at the red light crossing, you find a number of beggars who swarm around the cars begging for alms. You have also noticed that recently the number of child beggars is increasing. Write a letter to the Editor, Times of India, stating your opinion. Suggest that it is high time that citizens learn to do things on their own rather than sit and criticize the Government.
3. The disaster at Badrinath and kedarnath has shocked the nation with stories still pouring in about the missing and the dead You are Abhinav/Asha. You are concerned as a student, and want to help in some way. Write a letter to the Editor, Times of India, stating your opinion. Suggest that it is high time that citizens learn to do things on their own rather than sit and criticise the Government.
4. Most holy places in our country are very vulnerable places for pickpokets or kidnappers to play their dirty tricks on unsuspecting pilgrims . You are saddened to see this deplorable side of human character. Write a letter to the Editor of a National Daily stating your views.
5. Recently, you were travelling in a bus in which a number of college boys and girls were travllings too. You noticed that some bullies did not buy any ticket. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper highlighting this giving some effective solutions for the problem.
6. The TV and the Computer have been blamed for reduced book reading habits among children. You feel that there are still better ways in which parents and teachers can promote reading habits amongst children.
7. You live in a small town which does not have even a public park. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper highlighting the need of a park.

Answers:
1. Application for the Post of PGT Maths

Anil
[Your Address]
Delhi – [Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Principal
G.D. Hansarj School
[School Address]

Subject: Application for the Post of PGT Maths

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of PGT Maths, as advertised in the Hindustan Times on 12th December 2013. I have completed my M.Sc. in Mathematics from Delhi University and hold a B.Ed. degree from the CIE, Delhi.

With my academic qualifications and teaching experience, I am confident that I possess the necessary skills to contribute effectively to your school. I am passionate about teaching Mathematics and have a deep understanding of the subject, along with the ability to communicate complex concepts in an easy-to-understand manner.

Please find my resume attached for your consideration. I am looking forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications in further detail.

Thank you for considering my application.

Yours sincerely,
Anil

2. Application for the Post of Model

Sushila
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
New Designer Wears
5-16, Lajpat Nagar IV
New Delhi

Subject: Application for the Post of Model

Dear Sir/Madam,

I came across your advertisement in the Hindustan Times, dated 24th August 2016, seeking good-looking male and female models for print advertisements for designer wear. I am very interested in applying for this position.

I have attached my photographs and personal details with this application. I believe my appearance and confidence would make me a suitable candidate for the role. I am eager to discuss how I can contribute to your upcoming projects.

I look forward to your positive response.

Yours sincerely,
Sushila

3. Application for the Post of Telephone Operator

Meena Butalia
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
MTNL Exchange
21 Mathura Road
New Delhi

Subject: Application for the Post of Telephone Operator

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of Telephone Operator at your MTNL Exchange, as advertised. I believe that my skills and qualifications make me a suitable candidate for this role.

I have completed my education and am proficient in handling calls, maintaining records, and providing excellent customer service. I have a good command over communication skills and am quick to learn any software or procedures that are required.

Kindly find my resume attached for your review. I would appreciate the opportunity to meet and discuss my application further.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Yours sincerely,
Meena Butalia

4. Application for Admission to the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws

Sushma Sareen
[Your Address]
Chennai
18th November 2024

The Director
Vivekananda Institute of Education and Research
[Institute Address]

Subject: Application for Admission to the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to express my interest in enrolling for the Correspondence Course in Banking Laws offered by your institute. I have recently completed my B.Com from Chennai and wish to expand my knowledge in the field of banking and law.

I believe that this course will help me build a strong foundation for my career. Kindly provide me with the necessary information regarding the course structure, admission process, and fees.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,
Sushma Sareen

5. Application for the Job of Counter Boy/Girl

Preeti Raghvan
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Mehrason’s Superstores
[Store Address]

Subject: Application for the Job of Counter Boy/Girl

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of Counter Boy/Girl at your esteemed store. I am a graduate and fluent in English, as required in your advertisement. I believe my communication skills and customer service experience would make me a great fit for this position.

I am keen to work with your team and contribute to providing excellent customer service at your store. Please find my resume attached for your review.

I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further.

Yours sincerely,
Preeti Raghvan

6. Application for One-Month Leave

Pawan Walia
Parihar Exports
[Company Address]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Parihar Exports
[Company Address]

Subject: Request for One-Month Leave

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to request one month’s leave from work as my sister’s wedding has been scheduled, and I need to travel to my hometown, Meerut, to make necessary arrangements for the event.

I kindly request you to grant me leave from 1st December to 31st December 2024. I assure you that I will complete all my pending tasks before my leave and ensure a smooth handover.

Thank you for your understanding and support.

Yours sincerely,
Pawan Walia

7. Application for Extension of Leave

Soina
Floor Manager
Wari Stores
[Store Address]
18th November 2024

The Manager
Wari Stores
[Store Address]

Subject: Request for Extension of Leave

Dear Sir,

I hope this letter finds you well. I am currently on leave due to illness and, unfortunately, I am not yet fully recovered. I will not be able to resume my duties on the scheduled date.

I kindly request you to extend my leave by an additional 15 days until 5th December 2024. I sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused and assure you that I will be back to work once I have fully recovered.

Thank you for your understanding and support.

Yours sincerely,
Soina

8. Application for Enrollment in Travel and Tourism Course

Mimi
[Your Address]
[Pin Code]
18th November 2024

The Director
Young Women’s Christian Association
[Address]

Subject: Application for Enrollment in Travel and Tourism Course

Dear Sir/Madam,

I have recently completed my Graduation and am eager to pursue a career in the travel and tourism industry. I came across the six-month Travel and Tourism Course offered by your organization and would like to apply for admission.

I am confident that this course will provide me with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in this field. Please provide me with the necessary information regarding the admission process and course details.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Yours sincerely,
Mimi

4o mini

You said:

Exercise 34.4 Write the following letters to the Editor of a national newspaper :-

1. You are Varun. You are quite concerned about the bad conditions of roads in your locality. You have been writing to the local authorities about it but no action has been taken so far. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper highlighting the plight of the residents due to the bad conditions of the roads and the callous attitude of the local authorities.

2. You are Sabina. Every time you stop at the red light crossing, you find a number of beggars who swarm around the cars begging for alms. You have also noticed that recently the number of child beggars is increasing. Write a letter to the Editor, Times of India, stating your opinion. Suggest that it is high time that citizens learn to do things on their own rather than sit and criticize the Government.

3. The disaster at Badrinath and kedarnath has shocked the nation with stories still pouring in about the missing and the dead You are Abhinav/Asha. You are concerned as a student, and want to help in some way. Write a letter to the Editor, Times of India, stating your opinion. Suggest that it is high time that citizens learn to do things on their own rather than sit and criticise the Government.

4. Most holy places in our country are very vulnerable places for pickpokets or kidnappers to play their dirty tricks on unsuspecting pilgrims . You are saddened to see this deplorable side of human character. Write a letter to the Editor of a National Daily stating your views.

5. Recently, you were travelling in a bus in which a number of college boys and girls were travllings too. You noticed that some bullies did not buy any ticket. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper highlighting this giving some effective solutions for the problem. 6. The TV and the Computer have been blamed for reduced book reading habits among children. You feel that there are still better ways in which parents and teachers can promote reading habits amongst children. 7. You live in a small town which does not have even a public park. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper highlighting the need of a park.

1. Letter about Bad Conditions of Roads

Varun
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: Poor Condition of Roads in Our Locality

Dear Sir/Madam,

I would like to bring to your attention the deplorable condition of the roads in our locality. Despite multiple complaints lodged with the local authorities, no action has been taken so far to address the issue. The roads are full of potholes, making it extremely dangerous for pedestrians and vehicles alike. This has not only led to several accidents but also makes commuting a daily struggle for the residents.

The authorities’ callous attitude is deeply concerning, and we are left with no option but to highlight this issue through your esteemed newspaper. I request you to publish this letter so that the concerned authorities may take swift action and relieve the residents of this daily hardship.

Yours sincerely,
Varun

2. Letter about Increasing Child Beggars

Sabina
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
Times of India
[Address]

Subject: Rising Number of Child Beggars at Traffic Signals

Dear Sir/Madam,

Every time I stop at a red light crossing, I am swarmed by a number of beggars seeking alms, many of whom are children. It is heartbreaking to see these young ones deprived of education and a decent life. Instead of addressing the root cause of this issue, we, as citizens, often just criticize the Government without taking any meaningful steps to help.

I believe it is high time we, as a society, take responsibility and work towards rehabilitation programs for these children. Public awareness campaigns, stricter enforcement of child protection laws, and encouraging education could go a long way in reducing this issue.

I hope your esteemed newspaper can help highlight this growing concern and push for actionable solutions.

Yours sincerely,
Sabina

3. Letter about the Disaster in Badrinath and Kedarnath

Abhinav/Asha
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
Times of India
[Address]

Subject: Concerns Over the Badrinath-Kedarnath Disaster

Dear Sir/Madam,

The recent disaster at Badrinath and Kedarnath has shocked the entire nation, with stories of missing and deceased individuals still surfacing. As a student, I feel deeply concerned about the situation and wish to contribute in some meaningful way.

Rather than merely criticizing the Government’s efforts, I believe it is time for citizens to step up and contribute to the rehabilitation and recovery process. Volunteering with NGOs, donating to relief funds, and raising awareness about disaster preparedness can help prevent such large-scale devastation in the future.

I request your esteemed newspaper to highlight this issue and encourage citizens to play an active role in rebuilding the affected regions.

Yours sincerely,
Abhinav/Asha

4. Letter about Safety at Holy Places

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: Safety Concerns at Holy Places

Dear Sir/Madam,

It is disheartening to observe that holy places in our country have become vulnerable spots for pickpockets and kidnappers. Unsuspecting pilgrims fall victim to these criminals, which not only mars their spiritual experience but also reflects the deplorable state of humanity in such places.

It is important that security measures be enhanced at these locations, including the installation of surveillance cameras, increased police patrolling, and educating pilgrims about safeguarding their belongings. I hope your esteemed publication can bring attention to this issue and urge authorities to take the necessary steps.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

5. Letter about College Students Not Buying Bus Tickets

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: College Students Evading Bus Tickets

Dear Sir/Madam,

I recently traveled by bus and noticed that several college students traveling in the same bus deliberately evaded buying tickets. This behavior not only reflects dishonesty but also deprives the transportation system of revenue.

I believe stricter checks should be implemented on buses, and conductors should be empowered to impose penalties on defaulters. Moreover, awareness should be raised among students about their responsibility as citizens to follow rules. I hope your esteemed newspaper can highlight this issue and encourage responsible behavior among the youth.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

6. Letter about Promoting Reading Habits Among Children

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: Promoting Reading Habits Among Children

Dear Sir/Madam,

It is widely believed that the growing popularity of television and computers has led to a decline in reading habits among children. While these technologies are often blamed, I believe there are still better ways for parents and teachers to promote reading.

Organizing reading sessions, introducing engaging books, and encouraging visits to libraries can go a long way in fostering a love for reading. Schools and communities should also promote book clubs and reading challenges to make the habit more appealing to children.

I hope your esteemed newspaper can shed light on this issue and offer constructive suggestions for promoting reading habits among young minds.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

7. Letter about the Need for a Public Park

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: Need for a Public Park in Our Town

Dear Sir/Madam,

I live in a small town that, unfortunately, does not have a single public park. The lack of such a recreational space is greatly felt by the residents, especially children and the elderly, who have no proper area to relax, exercise, or spend time outdoors.

A public park would not only improve the quality of life in our town but also encourage a healthy and active lifestyle. I request you to publish this letter to bring this concern to the attention of the local authorities, hoping they will take the necessary steps to address this need.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

Exercise 34.5 Attempt the following letters :-
1. You are Krishna, living in Ajmer. You have recently seen a movie (film). Write a letter to your brother describing how you enjoyed the movie. You may touch upon the following points :-
(i) When did you see the movie?
(ii) Who else accompanied you?
(iii) What was the theme of the movie?
(iv) How did you enjoy yourself at the movie?
(v) What did you learn from it?
2. You are Shiva. Your school is organising an eductional tour. Write a letter to your father requesting him to allow you go to on the tour and to send you money. You may touch upon the following points :-
(i) The dates of the tour
(ii) The places to be visited
(iii) Your interest
(iv) The amount of money needed
(v) Request and thanks
3. Write a letter to your younger brother, advising him to read newspaper. Tell him why newspaper are necessary for education; how they bring not only news but opinions on social, economic and political subjects also.
4. Write a letter to the Headmaster of your school asking for leave due to illness.
5. Write a letter to the Health Officer district requesting him to take immediate steps against the spread of cholera in your village.
6. Write a letter to the Superintendent of Police complaining about the behaviour of a policeman on patrol duty.
7. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper complaining of the frequent break-down of electricity in your locality.
8. Write a letter to the manager of a local mill seeking his permission to visit the mill. Give the number of students and the date on which you propose to visit.

Answers:
1. Letter to Brother Describing a Movie Experience

Krishna
Ajmer
18th November 2024

Dear Brother,

I hope you are doing well. Last weekend, I had a wonderful time as I went to watch a movie, which I have been eagerly waiting for. I saw it on Saturday evening with my friends. We were so excited that we booked the tickets well in advance.

The movie was based on an inspiring theme of friendship and perseverance. It showed how friends stick together through thick and thin, facing various challenges, and ultimately achieving their dreams. The message of the film was powerful and emotional, and it left a deep impact on me.

I thoroughly enjoyed myself at the theater – the storyline, the acting, and the music were all top-notch. What I loved most was how the movie emphasized the importance of teamwork and loyalty. It taught me that success comes when you work together and never give up, no matter how difficult the journey may be.

I wish you had been there with me. I am sure you would have loved it too!

Take care and write back soon.

Yours lovingly,
Krishna

2. Letter to Father Requesting Permission to Go on an Educational Tour

Shiva
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Dear Father,

I hope you are well. I am writing to ask for your permission to go on an educational tour that my school is organizing next month. The tour is scheduled from 5th to 10th December, and we will be visiting some important historical and educational places like Jaipur, Agra, and Delhi.

I have always been interested in visiting these places, especially the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort, as we studied them in history class. This tour will be a great learning experience for me, and I am excited to participate.

The total cost of the tour is ₹5,000, which covers transportation, accommodation, and food. I kindly request you to send me the amount so that I can confirm my participation. I promise to make the most out of this trip and take lots of notes and pictures to share with you.

Thank you for considering my request. I look forward to your response.

Yours affectionately,
Shiva

3. Letter to Younger Brother Advising Him to Read Newspapers

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

Dear [Brother’s Name],

I hope you’re doing well. I wanted to talk to you about something important – the habit of reading newspapers. I know you are busy with your studies, but reading the newspaper daily is crucial for your overall development.

Newspapers are not just a source of news; they provide opinions and perspectives on social, economic, and political issues. They help you understand current affairs, and they also improve your language and general knowledge, which are important for competitive exams.

By reading the editorial sections, you can get a deeper understanding of important topics and stay informed about what’s happening around the world. This habit will greatly benefit you in the long run, especially when you sit for exams and interviews.

So, make it a point to start reading at least one newspaper daily. Trust me, it will enhance your knowledge and broaden your outlook.

Take care,
[Your Name]

4. Letter to Headmaster Requesting Leave Due to Illness

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Headmaster
[School Name]
[School Address]

Subject: Leave Application Due to Illness

Respected Sir,

I am writing to inform you that I am suffering from a severe case of viral fever and am unable to attend school for the next few days. The doctor has advised me to take rest for a full recovery.

I request you to kindly grant me leave for three days, from 18th to 20th November. I will ensure that I make up for the missed lessons once I am back.

Thank you for your understanding.

Yours obediently,
[Your Name]
Class [Your Class]

5. Letter to Health Officer Requesting Action Against Cholera Spread

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Health Officer
[District Name]
[Health Department Address]

Subject: Request for Immediate Action Against Spread of Cholera

Respected Sir,

I am writing to bring to your notice the alarming spread of cholera in our village. Several residents have already been affected, and the situation is getting worse. The lack of clean drinking water and poor sanitation facilities are contributing to the outbreak.

I kindly request you to take immediate steps to control the situation. We urgently need medical teams, clean water supplies, and proper sanitation measures to prevent the disease from spreading further. Your prompt action will save many lives.

Thank you for your attention to this serious matter.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

6. Letter to Superintendent of Police Complaining About a Policeman’s Behavior

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Superintendent of Police
[Police Station Name]
[Address]

Subject: Complaint Regarding Policeman’s Behavior

Respected Sir,

I am writing to bring to your attention an unfortunate incident involving a policeman on patrol duty in our area. On the night of 15th November, I had an encounter with the said officer, who behaved rudely and unprofessionally when I approached him with a simple query regarding security in the locality.

Such behavior from a public servant is unacceptable, and it tarnishes the image of the police force. I request you to kindly look into this matter and take appropriate action to ensure that public servants treat citizens with respect and fulfill their duties properly.

Thank you for your attention to this issue.

Yours faithfully,
[Your Name]

7. Letter to Editor Complaining About Frequent Electricity Breakdowns

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Editor
[Newspaper Name]
[Newspaper Address]

Subject: Frequent Breakdown of Electricity in Our Locality

Dear Sir/Madam,

I would like to draw your attention to the frequent breakdown of electricity in our locality, which has become a constant source of inconvenience for the residents. Power cuts last for hours, and the situation worsens during peak evening hours when students need electricity for studies, and families need it for daily chores.

Despite repeated complaints to the electricity board, the situation remains unresolved. I hope that through your esteemed newspaper, the concerned authorities will be compelled to take immediate action and resolve the problem.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]

8. Letter to the Manager of a Local Mill Seeking Permission for a Visit

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
18th November 2024

The Manager
[Mill Name]
[Mill Address]

Subject: Request for Permission to Visit the Mill

Respected Sir,

I am writing on behalf of a group of students from [Your School/College Name]. We are keen on visiting your mill as part of an educational tour to understand the production processes and operational management of your facility.

We are a group of 25 students, and we would like to visit the mill on [Proposed Date]. Kindly grant us permission for the visit at a time convenient to you.

Thank you for your cooperation. We look forward to your positive response.

Yours faithfully,
[Your Name]
[Your School/College Name]

Essays and Articles Exercises with Answers for class 8 and worksheet with solution from the book Elementary school Grammar for CBSE and ICSE students.

Exercise 33.2
1. Describe any match (hockey, football, cricket, table tennis) you have witnessed in your school.
2. You witnessed an accident near your house. Describe how it happened and who was hurt. Did anyone help the injured people? Did the police help? Who took the injured to the hospital? What did you do and how did you do and how did you help?
3. Narrate an incident which happened during a train journey and which was very humorous.
4. Which season do you like and why?
5. I hate watching Sas-bahu soaps on the T.V.
6. A weekly market.
7. The colony I live in
8. My first journey in a plane.
9. Oh! What a horrible experience!
10. The country you would like to visit.

Answers:
1. A Match I Witnessed in School (Cricket)
Last week, our school hosted an inter-house cricket match, and the excitement was palpable. The match was between the Red House and the Blue House. The Red House batted first, setting a target of 150 runs. The Blue House started off strong, but by the middle of the innings, they lost a few key players. In the last over, they needed 10 runs to win, and the tension was high. The crowd cheered as the batsman hit a six on the second-last ball. With one ball left, the Blue House won with a single, and the students erupted in celebration. It was an exhilarating experience.

2. An Accident I Witnessed
One evening, while I was standing outside my house, I saw a bike skid on the wet road, and the rider fell hard onto the pavement. A car coming from behind stopped just in time, avoiding a serious collision. The rider was injured and bleeding. A few people gathered around to help, while I immediately called an ambulance. The police arrived shortly after, ensuring traffic control, and the injured person was taken to the hospital in the ambulance. It was heartwarming to see how everyone cooperated in helping, and it made me realize the importance of acting quickly in such situations.

3. A Humorous Incident During a Train Journey
During a family train journey last summer, we encountered a humorous incident. A fellow passenger had placed his slippers outside his seat to relax. As the train halted at a station, a monkey suddenly jumped onto the platform, snatched one of the slippers, and ran off! The entire coach burst into laughter as the man tried to chase the monkey, but it was too quick. The man returned with a sheepish smile, saying, “Well, at least it didn’t take both!” It was a funny, unexpected moment that made our journey memorable.

4. My Favorite Season
I love the winter season. The crisp, cold air, cozy blankets, and the warmth of bonfires make it my favorite time of year. I enjoy sipping hot cocoa while sitting by the window, watching the world outside covered in mist. Winter also brings with it the joy of holidays, festivals, and family gatherings. The chill in the air makes outdoor activities more fun, whether it’s playing sports or just going for a walk in the park. Everything feels calm and serene during winter, and that’s why I look forward to it every year.

5. I Hate Watching Sas-Bahu Soaps on TV
I truly dislike watching Sas-Bahu soaps on TV. The repetitive plots, overdramatic scenes, and never-ending conflicts between characters make them unbearable for me. These shows often promote unrealistic family dynamics and stereotypes that I find unrelatable. Instead of such shallow content, I prefer watching documentaries, movies, or series that offer meaningful entertainment or teach something new. For me, time spent watching Sas-Bahu dramas feels like time wasted.

6. A Weekly Market
The weekly market near my house is always bustling with life. From fresh vegetables to vibrant clothes, you can find almost anything here. The air is filled with the chatter of vendors calling out their prices and the aroma of street food cooking at various stalls. I love wandering through the narrow lanes, bargaining for small items and exploring the variety of goods. The market brings the community together, and every visit feels like a mini adventure with something new to discover.

7. The Colony I Live In
I live in a quiet, peaceful colony surrounded by greenery. The streets are lined with trees, providing shade and a pleasant environment. Our colony has a small park where children play and elders take morning walks. The people here are friendly, and we often gather for small celebrations during festivals. The colony also has basic amenities like a grocery store, pharmacy, and a community hall where we hold meetings. It’s a perfect place for families, and I feel safe and happy living here.

8. My First Journey in a Plane
My first plane journey was nothing short of exciting. As the plane took off, my heart raced with excitement. The view from the window was breathtaking – the buildings became tiny, and soon we were flying above the clouds. The flight attendants served refreshments, and I enjoyed the whole experience of flying for the first time. Landing was another thrilling moment, and when we touched down safely, I felt a mix of relief and joy. It was an unforgettable experience that made me look forward to future travels.

9. Oh! What a Horrible Experience!
I’ll never forget the day when a severe storm hit while we were out camping. The winds were so strong that our tent collapsed, and the rain poured in torrents. We were drenched, shivering, and had to hold onto the trees to avoid being blown away. We quickly packed our things and hurried back to the campsite’s shelter, but the storm continued for hours. It was a terrifying experience, and I’ve never felt so helpless in the face of nature’s fury. I learned a lesson that day – always check the weather forecast before planning outdoor activities!

10. The Country I Would Like to Visit
The country I would love to visit is Japan. Its unique blend of modern technology and traditional culture fascinates me. From the bustling streets of Tokyo to the serene temples of Kyoto, Japan has a lot to offer. I’m particularly interested in experiencing the cherry blossom season, visiting historical landmarks, and trying authentic Japanese cuisine. Japan’s efficient transport system, clean cities, and polite people make it an attractive destination for a dream vacation.

For or against

Exercise 33.3 Write either for or against the following topics.
1. Television is a hazard to children’s health and growth.
2. India is a better country to live than any other country in the world.
3. Is it better to live in a colony or an independent house?
4. Cinema entertains and educates.
5. Admission in school be compulsory for all.
6. Girls should not be allowed to take up jobs in the army.

Answers:
1. Television is a hazard to children’s health and growth (For)
Television, when watched excessively, can indeed be a hazard to children’s health and growth. Long hours in front of the screen can lead to a sedentary lifestyle, contributing to obesity and other health problems. The constant exposure to fast-paced, often violent, content can negatively impact a child’s mental and emotional development. Furthermore, it reduces the time children spend playing outdoors, socializing, or engaging in creative activities that are essential for their overall growth. Excessive TV viewing can also affect sleep patterns, causing fatigue and attention problems in school.

2. India is a better country to live than any other country in the world (For)
India is a wonderful country to live in, offering diversity, culture, and opportunities. With its rich history, vibrant traditions, and multiple languages, it provides a unique living experience. The cost of living in India is relatively low compared to many developed countries, and despite challenges, India is making rapid progress in fields like technology, education, and infrastructure. Moreover, the sense of community and family values in India makes it a warm and welcoming place to live. For those who value cultural heritage and unity in diversity, India offers an unmatched lifestyle.

3. Is it better to live in a colony or an independent house? (For Living in a Colony)
Living in a colony has many advantages over an independent house. Colonies provide a sense of community, where neighbors often come together to celebrate festivals, organize events, and help each other in times of need. They also tend to have shared amenities such as parks, security, and maintenance services, which make daily living more convenient and secure. Children in colonies can make friends easily and have safe spaces to play. Moreover, colonies often have a closer-knit environment, which fosters social connections and collective support.

4. Cinema entertains and educates (For)
Cinema serves a dual purpose by entertaining and educating audiences. While films offer a break from daily life through entertainment, they can also address important social issues and spread awareness. Documentaries, biopics, and historical films can be highly educational, providing insights into different cultures, histories, and human experiences. Even in fictional movies, there are often life lessons, values, and moral takeaways. By blending entertainment with informative content, cinema becomes a powerful medium that can influence people’s thoughts and promote learning in an engaging way.

5. Admission in school should be compulsory for all (For)
Compulsory school admission is essential to ensure that every child receives a basic education, which is a fundamental right. Education opens doors to opportunities and is a powerful tool in breaking the cycle of poverty. When children attend school, they develop not only academically but also socially, emotionally, and ethically. By making school admission mandatory, governments can ensure that no child is left behind, and the country can progress as a whole. Moreover, an educated population is crucial for the development of any nation.

6. Girls should not be allowed to take up jobs in the army (Against)
There is no valid reason to prevent girls from joining the army. In modern times, women have proven their capabilities in all fields, including the military. Many countries have female soldiers who perform their duties with the same level of professionalism and courage as their male counterparts. Gender should not determine one’s ability to serve in the army; rather, it should be based on skill, determination, and physical fitness. Denying women the opportunity to serve in the military is a step backward and reinforces outdated gender stereotypes. Women deserve equal opportunities in all fields, including the armed forces.

Essays

Exercise 33.4 Write the following essays :-

1. If I were an astronaut on Mars!
2. If I could be Mahindra Singh Dhoni for a day
3. If I were as good a singer as Lata  Mangeshkar
4. If I were crowned “Miss Universe”
5. A day in your life as an actor
6. If I could be a submarine and find out the secrets of the sea
7. If I were a toy maker
8. If there were no serials on T.V. !

Answers:
1. If I Were an Astronaut on Mars!
If I were an astronaut on Mars, it would be a dream come true. As I land on the red planet and step out of the spacecraft, I would marvel at the alien landscape, with its rusty sand dunes and towering volcanoes. My mission would be to explore this uncharted territory, conducting experiments and searching for signs of life. Living in a space station, I would adjust to Mars’ weaker gravity and the challenges of surviving in such an extreme environment. Every day would bring new discoveries—analyzing soil samples, studying the Martian atmosphere, and transmitting valuable data back to Earth. I would be proud to contribute to humanity’s quest for knowledge and the possibility of future colonization of Mars. It would be an exciting adventure filled with wonder and awe, a true step into the future of space exploration.

2. If I Could Be Mahendra Singh Dhoni for a Day
If I could be Mahendra Singh Dhoni for a day, I would relish the opportunity to experience what it feels like to be one of the greatest cricketers in the world. Leading the Indian cricket team, I would make important decisions on the field with calmness and precision, just as Dhoni does. I would step into the stadium amidst roaring fans, don the wicket-keeping gloves, and strategize to outsmart the opposing team. Off the field, I would inspire young cricketers with my story, teaching them the value of hard work, humility, and perseverance. Dhoni’s leadership and ability to stay cool under pressure are qualities I would embrace and carry with me for life. It would be a thrilling day, experiencing the glory, challenges, and responsibilities of being one of India’s most loved sports icons.

3. If I Were as Good a Singer as Lata Mangeshkar!
If I were as good a singer as Lata Mangeshkar, I would feel blessed to have such an extraordinary gift. With a voice that transcends boundaries, I would sing songs that touch people’s hearts and bring them joy. Just like her, I would aim to create a legacy of timeless music that inspires generations. My concerts would be filled with fans who admire the purity of my voice and the emotions I convey through my songs. I would lend my voice to films, sing devotional songs, and even perform in global arenas. Being able to sing like Lata Mangeshkar would also be a responsibility to use music to spread love, hope, and unity across the world. It would be an honor to uphold the tradition of Indian classical music while embracing modern tunes, much like the legendary Lata Ji.

4. If I Were Crowned “Miss Universe”
If I were crowned “Miss Universe,” it would be a life-changing moment filled with pride and responsibility. As I wear the sparkling crown, I would realize the enormous platform I have been given to make a positive impact. My first mission would be to advocate for important global issues such as education, women’s empowerment, and environmental conservation. I would travel the world, meeting influential leaders and inspiring young women to pursue their dreams and fight for equality. Being Miss Universe is not just about beauty; it’s about intelligence, compassion, and making a difference. I would strive to live up to these ideals, using my voice to raise awareness about causes close to my heart and spreading a message of peace and unity. It would be a thrilling and rewarding year filled with purpose and fulfillment.

5. A Day in Your Life as an Actor
If I were an actor, a typical day in my life would be full of excitement and creativity. I would start the day on set, getting into character for a new movie or TV show. Working closely with directors, co-stars, and a talented crew, I would rehearse my lines, perfecting every emotion and expression. Being an actor requires intense focus and dedication, and I would immerse myself in my role, whether it’s a romantic hero or a complex villain. After a long day of filming, I might attend a red-carpet event or a press conference, where I would interact with fans and the media. The glamour of being an actor is balanced by the hard work behind the scenes, but the satisfaction of bringing stories to life and entertaining millions would make it all worth it.

6. If I Could Be a Submarine and Find Out the Secrets of the Sea
If I could be a submarine, I would dive deep into the mysterious world of the ocean, uncovering secrets hidden beneath the waves. Gliding through the dark, unexplored depths, I would encounter fascinating creatures like bioluminescent fish, giant squids, and ancient shipwrecks. My journey would take me to the ocean floor, where I would discover ecosystems that humans have never seen before. As a submarine, I could help scientists study marine life, underwater volcanoes, and the effects of climate change on coral reefs. Exploring the ocean would be like traveling to another world, full of wonder and endless discoveries. The ocean holds so many mysteries, and I would be at the forefront of uncovering its hidden treasures.

7. If I Were a Toy Maker
If I were a toy maker, I would create toys that bring joy, creativity, and learning to children. Each day, I would design and craft toys that spark imagination—colorful building blocks, dolls with unique personalities, or remote-controlled cars that zoom through living rooms. I would focus on making toys that are not only fun but also educational, helping children develop skills while they play. My toy workshop would be a place of endless creativity, where new ideas come to life. Seeing the smiles on children’s faces when they play with my creations would be the most rewarding part of my job. As a toymaker, I would take pride in knowing that I contribute to making childhood a magical and memorable experience.

8. If There Were No Serials on TV!
If there were no serials on TV, I believe our lives would be more peaceful and productive. Without the constant stream of melodramatic Sas-Bahu shows or never-ending soap operas, families would spend more quality time together, engaging in meaningful conversations or playing games. People would have more time to pursue hobbies, read books, or exercise instead of being glued to their screens. Without serials, TV channels might focus more on informative and creative content, such as documentaries, educational shows, or movies with a social message. While some people enjoy the entertainment that serials provide, I think a world without them could encourage a healthier balance of entertainment and real-life interaction.

Longer Compositions Exercises with Answer for class 8 and worksheet with solution from the book Elementary School Grammar for CBSE and ICSE students.

Reports

Exercise 32.1 Now write the following reports :-

1. Yesterday, a fire broke out in the busy Sadar Bazaar area. More than 1000 shops were gutted There has bee a heavy loo of life and property. You are a correspondent with a National Daily. Image other details and complete the report.
2. Many years have passed since the twonship of Bhuj got ravaged by a severe earthquake. Majority of the people are still hoping to get help from the government. At many places, the debris is yet to be cleared. Write an eyewitness account of the plight of the town. (Make up any other details that you would like to insert.
3. You are a journalist with the Times of India. You were at a gas filling station when you saw armed robbers who fired at the Manager and ran away with a bag full of money. Write a detailed report for your newspaper.
4. In a remote township of Samastipur, farmers starved due to poor facilities for irrigation and no means of employment till a few years ago. Today the village is thriving due to the efforts of the Jan Kalyan NGO which took over the villagers are leading a prosperous life.
5. A health check -up camp was organised in your school last week. The check-up revealed certain startling facts. More than 50% students were found to be anaemic, 90% students suffered from weak eyesight and were underweight. Doctors said it was due to bad food habits and lack of nutritious food. Write a report about the camp for a newspaper.
6. Recently your school celebrated a Book Week. During this week, many competitions were held such as book reviews, book discussions, meeting with authors, film shows based on books. Write a reports about this Book Week for your school magazine mentioning how it proved to be useful.
7. Last week there was a film festival in which special movies that could interest children were screened . Free passes were distributed by the NIE. Write a reports about this film festival and how it has been educative.
8. During the summer vacations your school organise a 10-day trip to Kulu-manali. You were taken to different places which included t days trekking in two the Rohtang Pass area. Write a report for your school magazine.
9. In a survey conducted to find out literacy levels in different regions of India, the following data were collected. Write a report of the survey.
Northern region-60% Southern region-90%
Eastern region -40% Western region-80%
10. A survey conducted to find out how students like to enjoy life after school. The following chart shows details of student preferences. Study it and write a report.

Answers:
1. Fire Breaks Out in Sadar Bazaar

By [Your Name], Correspondent, National Daily

New Delhi, November 17:
A devastating fire broke out yesterday afternoon in the bustling Sadar Bazaar area, engulfing over 1,000 shops in flames. The fire, which is believed to have been caused by an electrical short circuit in one of the shops, rapidly spread due to the narrow lanes and congested nature of the marketplace. Local fire services were dispatched immediately, but it took more than five hours to bring the fire under control.

The tragedy has resulted in a massive loss of life and property. At least 15 people have been reported dead, and over 50 are severely injured. Property worth crores has been reduced to ashes, leaving many shop owners in financial ruin. Rescue operations are still underway as authorities search for survivors. The government has announced an investigation into the incident and promised compensation for the victims.

2. Bhuj Township Struggles After Earthquake

By [Your Name], Eyewitness Reporter

It has been years since the township of Bhuj was devastated by a powerful earthquake that left the region in ruins. Despite the passage of time, the scars of the disaster are still visible. Large piles of debris remain uncleared in several parts of the town, and many buildings stand half-destroyed, a reminder of the destruction that once gripped Bhuj.

The local population continues to live in despair, as government aid has been slow to arrive. Temporary shelters have now become semi-permanent homes for thousands of people, who are still waiting for rehabilitation. Hope is running thin, but the resilient spirit of Bhuj’s people keeps them fighting for survival amidst adversity. The need for swift action and effective rebuilding plans remains urgent.

3. Armed Robbers Strike Gas Station

By [Your Name], Journalist, Times of India

Mumbai, November 17:
A daring robbery took place yesterday at a gas filling station in the heart of Mumbai. At around 6:30 p.m., two armed men stormed the station, firing at the Manager and seizing a large bag filled with cash. Witnesses say the robbers arrived on motorbikes, entered the office, and fired without warning. The Manager sustained a gunshot wound to his shoulder and was rushed to the hospital, where he is currently in stable condition.

The robbers managed to flee the scene within minutes, leaving behind a trail of panic. The local police have launched an investigation and are reviewing CCTV footage to track the suspects. This incident has sparked concern over the increasing number of armed robberies in the city.

4. Jan Kalyan NGO Transforms Samastipur

By [Your Name]

The remote township of Samastipur, which once suffered from poverty and starvation due to a lack of irrigation facilities and employment opportunities, has been completely transformed. Thanks to the tireless efforts of the Jan Kalyan NGO, the village has witnessed a remarkable turnaround in recent years.

The NGO introduced modern irrigation techniques and agricultural tools, allowing farmers to produce higher yields. They also provided employment opportunities through vocational training programs. Today, Samastipur is thriving, and its residents are leading prosperous lives, with improved healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The villagers credit the NGO for changing the course of their future.

5. Health Check-Up Camp Reveals Startling Facts

By [Your Name]

Last week, a health check-up camp was organized at [School Name], revealing some concerning facts about the health of the students. The medical team found that more than 50% of the students are suffering from anemia, and an alarming 90% were found to have weak eyesight and are underweight.

Doctors attributed these conditions to poor dietary habits and a lack of nutritious food in students’ diets. The school administration has decided to implement a health awareness program to encourage better eating habits and regular exercise. This camp has highlighted the urgent need for nutritional education among students.

6. Book Week Celebrated at [School Name]

By [Your Name]

Last week, [School Name] celebrated a vibrant Book Week, filled with a series of engaging activities. The event included book review competitions, book discussions, film shows based on famous books, and interaction sessions with well-known authors. Students actively participated in various contests, and the event fostered a deep love for reading among them.

The highlight of the week was the session where students met authors who shared their experiences and writing journeys. The Book Week was an enriching experience for everyone, and it significantly contributed to encouraging reading as a hobby and educational tool in our school.

7. Children’s Film Festival Enlightens and Entertains

By [Your Name]

A special Film Festival for children was organized last week, featuring a collection of educational and entertaining movies. The event was sponsored by NIE, which distributed free passes to schoolchildren across the city. Movies that focused on moral values, environmental awareness, and historical figures were screened, leaving a lasting impact on young minds.

The festival was not only a source of entertainment but also proved to be highly educative. The children were able to connect with the stories and characters, and it sparked meaningful discussions in classrooms.

8. Exciting School Trip to Kulu-Manali

By [Your Name]

During the summer vacation, our school organized a 10-day trip to the scenic hill stations of Kulu-Manali. The highlight of the trip was a two-day trekking adventure in the Rohtang Pass area. Students had the opportunity to explore breathtaking landscapes, experience the thrill of trekking, and witness snow-clad mountains up close.

Apart from trekking, we visited several tourist spots such as the Solang Valley, Hadimba Temple, and Manikaran. The trip was a perfect blend of adventure and learning, leaving students with unforgettable memories.

9. Survey Reveals Literacy Levels in India

By [Your Name]

A recent survey conducted across various regions of India has highlighted the varying literacy rates in the country. The Southern region of India boasts the highest literacy rate at 90%, followed by the Western region at 80%. In contrast, the Northern and Eastern regions lag behind with literacy rates of 60% and 40%, respectively.

This data calls for urgent educational reforms in the Northern and Eastern regions to bridge the gap and ensure equal access to education for all.

10. How Students Prefer to Enjoy Life After School

By [Your Name]

A survey was recently conducted to analyze how students prefer to spend their time after school hours. The results showed that the majority of students, about 45%, prefer spending time on social media. This is followed by 25% who enjoy playing sports, 20% who engage in hobby classes such as music or art, and 10% who dedicate their time to reading.

These findings reflect the growing importance of digital engagement and physical activities in the lives of modern students. Schools may need to balance these preferences with a push towards more intellectual and creative pursuits.

Exercise 31.2 Now write the following processes :-

1. Tell your younger brother how to polish a shoe.
2. Find out from your mother how to make a cup of tea and describe it in a letter to a penfriend of yours.
3.In your home science class you have been asked to describe how to wash clothes. Write the process.
4. Kanika’s mother is leaving for office in a hurry. She has to leave instructions for her daughter Vini on how to make an omelette so that she can have her breakfast. Write out the process.
5. Look at the picture given below. Explain the process how water is purified, stored and finally distributed to homes.

Answers:
1. How to Polish a Shoe (Instructions for Younger Brother)

Dear [Brother’s Name],

Polishing your shoes is easy if you follow these steps:

1. Gather the materials: You will need shoe polish, a brush, a cloth, and some water.
2. Clean the shoes: Remove any dirt or dust from your shoes using a dry brush.
3. Apply the polish: Take a small amount of shoe polish on the brush or cloth and apply it evenly all over the shoe, focusing on any scuffs or scratches.
4. Let it dry: Allow the polish to sit for a few minutes to dry.
5. Buff the shoe: Using a clean brush or cloth, buff the shoe to bring out a shine by rubbing it in circular motions.
6. Final touch: If needed, repeat the process to get a brighter shine.

That’s it! Now your shoes will look brand new.

Love, [Your Name]

2. How to Make a Cup of Tea (Described in a Letter to a Penfriend)

Dear [Penfriend’s Name],

I thought I’d share with you how my mother makes a perfect cup of tea! Here’s the process:

1. Boil water: First, you need to boil some water in a kettle.
2. Add tea leaves: Once the water boils, add one teaspoon of tea leaves (or a tea bag) to the water.
3. Simmer: Let the tea leaves simmer in the hot water for about 2-3 minutes, depending on how strong you like your tea.
4. Add milk and sugar: If you like milk in your tea, pour in a little (or more if you prefer). Add sugar to taste. Stir everything together.
5. Strain and serve: If you’re using tea leaves, strain the tea into a cup. Now, it’s ready to enjoy!

Try it out and let me know how it turns out!

Best wishes,
[Your Name]

3. How to Wash Clothes (Home Science Class Instructions)

In today’s home science class, we learned how to wash clothes. Here’s the process:

1. Sort the clothes: Separate the clothes by color and fabric type (whites, darks, and delicates).
2. Pre-treat stains: If there are any stains, apply a stain remover or detergent directly on the spot before washing.
3. Fill the bucket/washing machine: Fill the washing machine with water (or a bucket if washing by hand) and add detergent.
4. Wash the clothes: Place the sorted clothes into the machine or bucket. Let the machine run its cycle, or if washing by hand, rub the clothes gently to remove dirt.
5. Rinse: Once washed, rinse the clothes in clean water to remove any detergent.
6. Dry: Hang the clothes out to dry, preferably under the sun.

And that’s how we wash clothes!

4. Instructions for Making an Omelette (From Kanika’s Mother to Vini)

Dear Vini,

Here’s how to make a quick and easy omelette for your breakfast:

1. Break the eggs: Take two eggs and crack them into a bowl.
2. Whisk the eggs: Add a pinch of salt and pepper, then whisk the eggs until they are well mixed.
3. Prepare the pan: Heat a small pan on medium heat and add a little butter or oil to prevent the omelette from sticking.
4. Cook the omelette: Pour the egg mixture into the hot pan. Let it cook for about 2-3 minutes. You can add vegetables, cheese, or any filling you like.
5. Flip and fold: Once the bottom is set, gently fold the omelette in half and let it cook for another minute.
6. Serve: Slide the omelette onto a plate and enjoy your breakfast.

Love,
Mom

5. How Water is Purified, Stored, and Distributed to Homes

The process of purifying and distributing water to homes involves several steps:

1. Water collection: Water is collected from natural sources like rivers, lakes, or reservoirs.
2. Filtration: The water is passed through filters to remove large debris and particles such as leaves, stones, and other impurities.
3. Coagulation and sedimentation: Chemicals are added to the water to bind small particles together into larger clumps, which then settle at the bottom in a sedimentation tank.
4. Chlorination: To kill harmful bacteria and germs, chlorine or other disinfectants are added to the water.
5. Storage: Once purified, the clean water is stored in large tanks or reservoirs.
6. Distribution: Finally, the purified water is pumped through a network of pipes, distributing it to homes, schools, and other establishments.

This process ensures that the water we drink is clean and safe for consumption.

Writing Dairy

Exercise 32.3

1. You saw a very amusing play today. Write a dairy entry about what you enjoyed.
2. You discovered that Anita, who you considered a good friend, has been backbiting you. Record your feelings in your dairy.
3. You recently saw pictures of poachers killing elephants in the wildlife sanctuary Jim Corbett National Park. Record your feelings.
4. You recently saw two of your friends quarrel over a trivial matter. Write a dairy entry describing your feelings.
5. You won the first prize in an inter-school debate on “Environment Pollution”. Record your describing your feelings.
6. You saw a video report on the havoc caused in Badrinath /Kedarnath by fury of nature. Record your feelings in your dairy.

Answers:

1. Dairy Entry on Watching an Amusing Play

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

Today was such a delightful day! I watched a hilarious play titled The Comedy of Errors, and I can’t stop laughing even now! The actors were brilliant, and the timing of the jokes was perfect. My favorite part was when the two main characters kept confusing everyone around them due to their identical appearances—it was pure chaos but so well done! The audience couldn’t stop laughing either.

The costumes, the dialogues, and the expressions were spot-on, making it one of the most amusing plays I’ve ever seen. I really needed this after such a hectic week. I’m so glad I went!

Good night!
[Your Name]

2. Dairy Entry on Learning About Anita’s Backbiting

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

I can’t believe what I heard today. Anita, someone I considered a close friend, has been backbiting me. It hurts so much to know that someone I trusted could say such things behind my back. I always thought we were good friends, but now I feel betrayed.

I’m confused about how to confront her—should I talk to her directly or just distance myself? I feel angry, sad, and disappointed all at once. It’s hard to understand why people act this way. I hope I can figure out how to handle this.

Feeling betrayed,
[Your Name]

3. Dairy Entry on Poachers Killing Elephants in Jim Corbett National Park

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

I saw some shocking and heartbreaking pictures today. Poachers have been killing elephants in Jim Corbett National Park. The sight of these majestic creatures being slaughtered for their tusks left me deeply saddened and furious. How can people be so cruel?

Elephants are such gentle beings, and to see them suffer like this just for greed is beyond comprehension. I wish there was more we could do to stop this senseless violence. We need stricter laws and better protection for wildlife before it’s too late. It’s hard to imagine a world without these beautiful creatures.

Feeling upset,
[Your Name]

4. Dairy Entry on Friends Quarreling Over a Trivial Matter

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

Today was such an uncomfortable day. Two of my friends had a huge argument over something so trivial! It all started because of a misunderstanding about who borrowed a book first. At first, I thought they were joking, but it soon escalated into a full-blown fight.

I tried to mediate, but neither of them wanted to listen. It felt so unnecessary. I hope they realize how silly this was and patch things up soon. It’s tough seeing friends fight over something so small, especially when it could’ve been solved with a simple conversation.

Feeling frustrated,
[Your Name]

5. Dairy Entry on Winning First Prize in a Debate on “Environment Pollution”

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

I’m over the moon today! I won the first prize in the inter-school debate on “Environment Pollution”! I worked so hard preparing for this, and it feels amazing to see my efforts pay off. The topic was something I’m passionate about, and I was able to convey my thoughts confidently.

The judges praised my arguments, and the moment they announced my name as the winner, I could hardly believe it. All the late-night preparations were worth it! I feel proud and motivated to keep working on issues that matter.

Feeling proud,
[Your Name]

6. Dairy Entry on Seeing the Havoc in Badrinath/Kedarnath Due to Nature’s Fury

Date: [Insert Date]

Dear Diary,

I watched a video report today about the devastating effects of natural disasters in Badrinath and Kedarnath. The images of homes destroyed, roads washed away, and people suffering due to landslides and floods were heart-wrenching. Nature can be so powerful, and yet so destructive.

I feel so helpless watching these disasters unfold from afar. So many lives have been affected, and it makes me realize how fragile life is in the face of nature’s fury. I just hope that relief efforts reach the people there quickly and that such tragedies can be minimized in the future.

Feeling sorrowful,
[Your Name]

Short Compositions Exercises with Answer for Class 8 and worksheet with solution from the book Elementary English Grammar for CBSE and ICSE students.

Writing Paragraph

Exercise 31.1 Write a paragraph of not more than 150 words on each of the following topics :-

1. What you dislike most and why?
2. The funniest day in your life
3. Caught in the storm
4. My neighbours
5. A visit to a museum
6. Thoughts on Independence Day
7. Pollution in big cities
8. Traffic jams
9. Realty shows on TV
10. One-day cricket matches

Answers:
1. What You Dislike Most and Why?
What I dislike most is dishonesty. When people are dishonest, it breaks trust and creates a barrier between individuals. Whether it’s a small lie or a major deception, dishonesty harms relationships and makes life more complicated. I value honesty because it fosters genuine connections, transparency, and respect. Being truthful may be difficult at times, but it helps build trust, which is essential for personal and professional relationships. In a world where trust is the foundation of many aspects of life, dishonesty creates unnecessary conflicts and misunderstandings, which I find extremely frustrating.

2. The Funniest Day in Your Life
The funniest day of my life was when I accidentally showed up at a formal event wearing casual clothes. I had misread the invitation and thought it was a casual gathering. When I arrived in jeans and a t-shirt, everyone else was dressed in elegant suits and dresses. The awkwardness was overwhelming, but soon everyone, including me, burst into laughter. I became the highlight of the event, and the situation turned into a hilarious memory that we still laugh about today. It taught me to double-check invitations, but it was a day filled with humor and lightheartedness.

3. Caught in the Storm
One summer evening, I was caught in a sudden thunderstorm while walking home. The sky turned dark, and within minutes, heavy rain poured down. Without an umbrella or a shelter nearby, I had no choice but to run through the storm. Lightning flashed, and the wind howled, making it difficult to see or move. Although I was drenched, the experience was both terrifying and thrilling. The storm passed after about 20 minutes, leaving behind a sense of relief and an unforgettable memory of nature’s power.

4. My Neighbours
My neighbors are a friendly and diverse group of people. On one side, there is an elderly couple who enjoy gardening and often share fresh vegetables with us. On the other side, there is a young family with two playful children. We often exchange smiles and greetings, and during festivals, we visit each other to share sweets and gifts. The sense of community is strong, and we all look out for one another. Whether it’s lending a tool or helping with small tasks, living in such a supportive neighborhood makes life more pleasant.

5. A Visit to a Museum
A visit to the National Museum was an enriching experience. The museum was filled with artifacts from different periods of history, ranging from ancient sculptures to modern art. I was particularly fascinated by the archaeological section, which showcased pottery, coins, and tools from civilizations long gone. The highlight of the visit was the gallery of paintings, where I admired the intricate details and creativity of artists from various eras. Walking through the exhibits, I gained a deeper appreciation for history and culture. It was a memorable and educational visit that left me with a greater understanding of the past.

6. Thoughts on Independence Day
Independence Day is a day of great pride and reflection for me. It reminds us of the sacrifices made by countless individuals to secure freedom for the country. Every year, as the national flag is hoisted, I feel a sense of unity and patriotism. The celebrations, which include speeches, parades, and cultural programs, highlight the diversity and strength of our nation. Independence Day is not just about looking back at our past; it’s also about recognizing our responsibilities as citizens to contribute positively to the country’s future. It’s a day to honor the values of freedom, equality, and democracy.

7. Pollution in Big Cities
Pollution in big cities is a growing concern that affects millions of people daily. The air is filled with harmful pollutants from vehicles, factories, and construction sites. This leads to serious health issues like respiratory problems and allergies. Water and noise pollution also add to the problem, making city life stressful and unhealthy. Despite various initiatives to control pollution, rapid urbanization and industrialization continue to worsen the situation. We need stricter environmental regulations and public awareness campaigns to tackle this crisis and make cities cleaner and safer for future generations.

8. Traffic Jams
Traffic jams are a common problem in big cities, causing frustration and delays. Whether it’s rush hour or road construction, getting stuck in traffic wastes time and fuel. It affects not just individuals but also the economy, as people are late for work and goods take longer to reach their destinations. The honking of horns, pollution, and the stress of being stuck in one place add to the misery. To reduce traffic jams, we need better public transportation, more efficient traffic management systems, and better urban planning.

9. Reality Shows on TV
Reality shows on TV have become incredibly popular in recent years. While some find them entertaining, others criticize them for promoting unhealthy competition and fake drama. Many reality shows focus on talent, such as singing and dancing competitions, which give ordinary people a chance to shine. However, some shows seem to prioritize sensationalism over content, blurring the line between reality and entertainment. Despite the mixed opinions, reality shows continue to attract large audiences and have become a significant part of modern television culture.

10. One-Day Cricket Matches
One-day cricket matches are exciting and fast-paced, attracting fans from all over the world. Unlike traditional test matches, which can last for days, one-day matches offer a thrilling experience in a shorter time. Each team gets 50 overs, and the game is full of twists and turns, with quick runs, wickets, and sometimes nail-biting finishes. The format appeals to both casual viewers and die-hard cricket fans. The intensity and strategy involved in one-day matches make them a favorite among sports enthusiasts, providing entertainment and suspense throughout the day.

Exercise 31.2
1. Rosary Public School is organising a one month theatre workshop with the help of the National School of Drama. Eminent actor Nasiruddin Shah has agreed to conduct it. The fee for each participant will be Rs 2500. Maximum number of Students who can attend the workshop will be thirty. As Secretary of the School Theatre Club, put up a suitable notice, inviting students to enrol themselves.
2. It is traffic week. The local authorities wish to take out a really. The Principal has allowed students of class IX to attend the rally. As head girl of your school, put up a notice for class IX students to prepare some attractive posters and slogans to carry with them for the rally.
3. The Rainbow School, Muzaffarnagar is organising a health exhibition titled ‘Live Healthy’ on 23rd and 24th January, 20_______. The Sports-Incharge. Mr Bhim Singh, put up a notice inviting students to prepare charts, slogans and posters. Write the notice on his behalf.
4. The Xavier School, Mumbai is organising a Summer Camp in School for a month. Activities would include areobics, guitar, pottery making, western dance and aero-modellings. Students can opt for any two activities and the fee is Rs 500. As secretary of the Culture Club of your school put up a suitable notice giving all necessary information.

Answers:
1. Rosary Public School Theatre Workshop Notice

Rosary Public School
Notice
Date: 16th November, 2024

One-Month Theatre Workshop

The School Theatre Club is excited to announce a one-month theatre workshop in collaboration with the National School of Drama, conducted by the renowned actor Nasiruddin Shah.
Details:

• Duration: 1st December 2024 to 31st December 2024
• Fee: Rs 2500 per participant
• Eligibility: Open to all students (limited to 30 participants)
• Venue: School Auditorium

Interested students are requested to enrol by 25th November 2024 by contacting the undersigned. Seats are limited, so hurry!

(Name)
Secretary, Theatre Club

2. Traffic Week Rally Notice

ABC School
Notice
Date: 16th November, 2024

Traffic Week Rally – Class IX Students

This is to inform all students of Class IX that our school has been invited to participate in a Traffic Week Rally organized by the local authorities. The rally will be held on 20th November 2024. Students are requested to prepare attractive posters and slogans to carry with them during the rally.

Details:

• Date of Rally: 20th November 2024
• Time: 9:00 AM to 11:00 AM
• Preparation Deadline: 18th November 2024

(Name)
Head Girl

3. Rainbow School Health Exhibition Notice

Rainbow School, Muzaffarnagar
Notice
Date: 16th November, 2024

Health Exhibition: “Live Healthy”

We are pleased to announce a health exhibition titled “Live Healthy” on 23rd and 24th January 2025. Students are invited to participate by preparing charts, posters, and slogans promoting health and wellness.

Details:

• Event: Health Exhibition – “Live Healthy”
• Dates: 23rd and 24th January 2025
• Preparation Deadline: 15th January 2025
• Venue: School Hall

Submit your creative materials to Mr Bhim Singh (Sports In-charge) by the mentioned deadline.

(Name)
On behalf of Mr Bhim Singh, Sports In-charge

4. Xavier School Summer Camp Notice

Xavier School, Mumbai
Notice
Date: 16th November, 2024

Summer Camp 2024

We are thrilled to announce a Summer Camp to be held at our school for the duration of one month. Students can choose from a variety of activities, including:

• Aerobics
• Guitar
• Pottery Making
• Western Dance
• Aero-Modelling

Details:

• Duration: 1st May 2024 to 31st May 2024
• Fee: Rs 500 (for any two activities)
• Registration Deadline: 20th April 2024

Interested students can register with the undersigned. Join us for a month of fun and learning!

(Name)
Secretary, Culture Club

Exercise 31.3
1. Ranbaxy Public School needs a Secretary to the Principal. You are the Administrative Officer of the School. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words for publication in the Classified ‘Situations Vacant’ column of the Hindustan Times.
2. You are Swabhiman Gupta- a freelance photo journalist. You plan to start coaching classes in photography. Draft a suitable classified display advertisement to be inserted in the hobbies column.
3. You are Ashok Kumar. You wish to sell your car, Honda City, which is a 2009 model and in good condition. Write a suitable advertisement to be inserted in the ‘Sale and Purchase’ column of the Times of India.
4. You are Mrs Khosla. You are fluent in Spanish and German languages. You wish take up private classes for those interested in learning languages. Draft a display advertisement to be inserted in ‘Education’ column of a national daily.
5. You are Arushi Khanna, Cultural Secretary of M.B.D School, Ranchi. Your school is presenting a play “Merchant of Venice” by Shakespeare. Write an advertisement for it in the local newspaper. You must state the date, time, venue and he price of tickets inyour ad. (50 words).
6. You are Anil Kapoor. You are going to launch a new toothpaste. Write an advertisement for it in 30 words.

Answers:
1. Advertisement for Secretary to the Principal

Situations Vacant
Ranbaxy Public School requires a Secretary to the Principal. Candidates must have excellent communication skills, proficiency in MS Office, and a minimum of 3 years of experience. Apply with a resume to the Administrative Officer by 25th November 2024.

2. Photography Coaching Classes by Swabhiman Gupta

Learn Photography!
Join professional photography coaching classes by freelance photojournalist Swabhiman Gupta. Master techniques, creative angles, and editing. Classes start from 1st December.
For details, contact: 9876543210
Location: South Delhi.

3. Car for Sale (Honda City 2009 Model)

For Sale
Honda City, 2009 model, excellent condition, well-maintained, single owner, new tires, insurance valid till June 2025. Asking price: ₹2.5 lakhs (negotiable).
Contact Ashok Kumar at 9876543210.

4. Language Classes by Mrs. Khosla

Learn Spanish & German!
Private language classes for Spanish and German by experienced teacher Mrs. Khosla. Flexible timings, personalized lessons, and beginner to advanced levels.
For details, call: 9876543210
Location: Gurgaon.

5. Play Advertisement (Merchant of Venice)

M.B.D School, Ranchi
Presents Shakespeare’s classic play “Merchant of Venice” on 10th December 2024, at 6:00 PM, in the School Auditorium.
Tickets: ₹200 (students), ₹300 (adults).
Book now at 9876543210.

6. Advertisement for New Toothpaste

Introducing Fresh Mint
New Fresh Mint Toothpaste – for long-lasting freshness and stronger teeth. Try it today for a refreshing smile! Available at leading stores.

Telephonic conversations

Exercise 31.5 Read the following telephonic conversations.
1. Vibha Sehgal : Hello, I am speaking to Anuska?
Anuskha : Yes, Vinbha, how are you?
Vibha Sehagal : I am fine. U rang up to say that I am coming to Delhi to appear for CAT exam on 25 November, from Delhi.
Anuskha : How wonderful! I’ve not met you for the last two years. Which centre has been allotted to you in Delhi?
Vibha Sehgal : My centre is DAV School for Boys at Lodhi Road. Just remind Mahesh to receive me at New Delhi Railway Station on 24th November at 5 P.M.
Anushka : I’ll do it, you need not worry. I’ll leave a message for Mahesh. since I’m leaving for Mumbai tomorrow. I am sorry I won’t be able to meet you.
Vibha Sehgal : My bad luck! May be I’ll be lucky. next time.
Write a message for Mahesh in 50 words.
2. Abhishek rings up his friend Anubhav to tell him about the schedule of School Final Exams. Anubhav has gone out of station, so Abhishek leaves a message for him and asks his brother Alok to inform him.
Schedule Practical __ 11 April, 20 _______
Physics Practical _ 15 April, 20 _____
Chemistry Practical ___18 April, 20 ______
Computer Science __18 April, 20 _____
Biology Practical __ 19 April, 20 _____
All practical Exams will be conducted during school hours. Alok promises to leave a message on Anubhav’s table with all the above details. Write the message in 50 words.
3. Revati : Hello, can I speak to Mrs. Basu?
Lavanya : She is not at home. I’m her sister lavanya.
Revati : Oh, hello Lavanya, tell your sister that I have bought tickets for the movie,
“The Lunch Box” for the afternoon show tomorrow. Rani is also coming.
Tell her to meet us at Gate no. 4 of the Centre Stage Mall at 2 P.M.
Lavanya : O.K. Revati. I’ll inform my sister. Lavanya has to go for tuition classes. So, she leaves a message for her sister.
Write the message in 50 words.

Answers:
1. Message for Mahesh:

Message:

Mahesh,
Vibha Sehgal is arriving in Delhi for her CAT exam on 24th November. Please receive her at the New Delhi Railway Station at 5 PM. Her exam center is DAV School for Boys at Lodhi Road. Anushka has left for Mumbai and won’t be able to meet her.

• Anushka

2. Message for Anubhav:

Message:

Anubhav,
Abhishek called to inform you about the School Final Exam schedule.

• Practical exam: 11 April
• Physics Practical: 15 April
• Chemistry Practical: 18 April
• Computer Science Practical: 18 April
• Biology Practical: 19 April

All practicals will be held during school hours.

• Alok

3. Message for Mrs. Basu:

Message:

Sister,
Revati has bought tickets for the movie “The Lunch Box” tomorrow for the afternoon show. Rani is also coming. Please meet them at Gate No. 4 of the Centre Stage Mall at 2 PM.

• Lavanya

Writing

Exercise 31.6
1.Write in not more than 100 words, “How to make an omelette”.
2. Describe your class before the arrival of your teacher.
3. As the Head Boy/Girl of your school you are asked to plan a school for classes 6,7 and 8. Write down how you planned it under the heading “Planning a Picnic.”
4. Describe the process of borrowing a book from your school library.
5. Describe the process of booking a cinema ticket on line.
6. Describe how you drew money from your bank account.
7. Describe your first attempt to earn swimming.
8. Describe how people behaved during a cricket match.

Answers:
How to Make an Omelette
To make an omelette, break two eggs into a bowl and beat them well. Add a pinch of salt and pepper for flavor. Heat a non-stick pan and melt a little butter or oil. Pour the beaten eggs into the pan and cook over medium heat. As the edges set, tilt the pan to let the uncooked egg flow to the edges. Add desired fillings like cheese, vegetables, or ham. Once the omelette is firm, fold it in half and serve hot.

Before the Arrival of the Teacher
Before the teacher arrived, the classroom was filled with noise and excitement. Some students were chatting with friends, while others were flipping through their books or making small talk. A few students were rushing to complete their homework, and others were settling into their seats, getting ready for the lesson. The atmosphere was lively but slightly disorganized. The teacher’s absence allowed everyone to express their energy before the class began.

Planning a Picnic
As the Head Girl, I was excited to plan the school picnic for classes 6, 7, and 8. First, I selected a beautiful park nearby, ideal for outdoor activities. I arranged for buses to transport everyone safely. I planned various games and competitions to ensure fun for all students. A picnic lunch, with sandwiches, fruits, and juices, was organized. I also ensured teachers’ supervision and prepared a first-aid kit for safety. The plan was to start the day with games, followed by lunch, and then free time for students to explore the park.

Borrowing a Book from the Library
To borrow a book from the school library, first, I visit the library and search for the book I need. I check its availability on the shelves or ask the librarian if it’s currently unavailable. Once I find the book, I bring it to the librarian’s desk, where they log it into the system. I show my library card, and the librarian stamps the book with the due date. Finally, I carry the book home, remembering to return it on time.

Booking a Cinema Ticket Online
To book a cinema ticket online, I open the cinema’s website or use a ticketing app. I select the movie, showtime, and the number of tickets. Then, I choose my preferred seating arrangement. I proceed to the payment section and enter my payment details. After the transaction is successful, I receive an e-ticket via email or a QR code on the app. I can show this ticket at the cinema for entry.

Drawing Money from My Bank Account
To draw money from my bank account, I visit an ATM or use an online banking app. At the ATM, I insert my debit card, enter my PIN, and select the ‘Withdraw’ option. I choose the amount to withdraw and confirm the transaction. The ATM dispenses the cash, and I take my card and receipt. For online banking, I log in to the app, select the withdrawal option, and transfer funds to my account or withdrawal service.

My First Attempt to Learn Swimming
On my first attempt to learn swimming, I was nervous but excited. I entered the shallow end of the pool with my instructor. At first, I practiced floating on my back, trying to stay calm in the water. The instructor guided me through basic strokes like the dog paddle. Although I struggled initially with breathing and coordination, I slowly started feeling more comfortable. By the end of the session, I felt a sense of achievement despite my early challenges.

Behavior During a Cricket Match
During a cricket match, the crowd is often filled with enthusiasm and energy. Fans cheer loudly for every boundary and wicket, waving banners and shouting encouragement. Players on the field focus intently, while fielders stay alert for any opportunity to make a catch or run out. The atmosphere is tense, especially during close moments, with everyone holding their breath. The crowd sometimes groans when a bad delivery or shot occurs but erupts in joy when their team performs well. The match is filled with excitement and energy from both players and spectators.